THE MARINE ALG.E OF NEW ENGLAND. 141 



tiou owing to the great variation in shape. The suborder approaches very closely to 

 + he Ceramiew, since the cystocarps are in many of the species true favellse, which, in- 

 stead of being naked, are couoealed in the fronds. It is in fact merely an arbitrary 

 matter whether one places Gloiosiplionia in one suborder or the other. The fronds are 

 more complicated than those of the Ceramiew. In genera like Gloiosiphonia and Nc- 

 masloma there is an axis formed respectively of a monosiphouous filament or bundle of 

 filaments, and an ill-defined cortex formed simply of the loosely united lateral fila- 

 ments. In other genera, as in Halymenia, the cortex is more distinctly marked, and in 

 Prionitis and Cryptonemia the frond is dense and coriaceous. 



GLOIOSIPHONIA, Carm. 



(From y'foioc, sticky, and u/.cpuv, a tube.) 



Fronds monoecious, gelatinous, cylindrical, branching, solid above, 

 and formed of a monosiphonous axis, whose cells in their central por- 

 tion bear whorls of four secondary branches, which divide so as to form 

 umbels, which collectively form the cortex ; descending filaments formed 

 from the lower part of secondary branches ; lower portion of fronds 

 hollow ; tetraspores cruciate, borne at fbe summit of the cortical fila- 

 ments ; antkeridia forming spots on the surface of the fronds ; cysto- 

 carps borne on the lower part of the cortical filaments, consisting of 

 tufts of branching, radiating filaments densely packed in a single mass 

 and surrounded by jelly. 



A genus containing but a single certainly known species, found both in Europe and 

 this country. The genus has been placed by some writers in the Cryptonemiew and by 

 others in the Ceramiew. It in fact connects the two suborders, the fruit being a favclla 

 in which the spores all arrive at maturity at the same time, forming, in the terminol- 

 ogy of some algologists, a simple nucleus. The ripe cystocarps are concealed in the 

 frond, as in the Cryptonemiew, but, on the other hand, the structure of the so-called 

 cortical layer is like the outer portion of Dudresnaya, which is generally placed in the 

 Ceramiew. A detailed account of the development of the cystocarp in G. cap ill arts will 

 be found in Notes Algologiques, p. 41. 



G. capillaris, Carm. ( G. capillaris, Carm., Phyc. Brit., PI. 57 ; Notes 

 Algologiques, PI. 13.) 



Fronds gelatinous, four inches to afoot long, solid above, hollow below, 

 main branches subsiniple, terete, naked below, densely beset above with 

 decompound lateral branches, branchlets tapering at both extremities; 

 cystocarps abundant, frequently forming nodosities. 



In pools below low- water mark. 



New London, Harvey ; Nahaut, W. G. F.; Chelsea, Miss Brewer; 



Gloucester, Mrs. Bray and Mrs. Davis ; Hampton Beach, Dr. Durkee; 



Peak's Island, Maine, Prof. Goode. 



A widely diffused but locally rare species, found in early summer and disappearing 

 in August. It is easily recognized at sight by its delicate gelatinous substance and 

 brilliant rose color and by the tapering branchlets. Cystocarpic specimens are not 

 unfrcquently found, but tetrasporic plants are rare and have never been observed in 

 this country. The species shrinks very much in drying and adheres closely to paper. 



