[183] CEPHALOPODS OF NORTHEASTERN COAST OF AMERICA. 393 



Family OCTOPODIDiB D'Orbigny. 



Octopodidw (pars) D'Orbigny, Moll. Viv. et Fos., i, pp. 159, 164, 1845 (t. Gray); (pars) 



Cephal. Ace"tab., p. 3. 

 Octopidw Gray, Catal. Moll. Brit. Mus., i, p. 4, 1849. 



Head very large ; external ears, small, simple openings, behind the 

 eves. Body short, thick, rounded posteriorly, destitute of lateral fins and 

 internal cartilages. Mantle united to the head by a broad dorsal com- 

 missure. No complex connective cartilages, nor commissures, uniting 

 the mantle and base of siphon. Opening to gill-cavity narrow. 



Siphon large. Arms with either one or two rows of suckers, and 

 with a more or less developed basal web. Eyes furnished with an inter- 

 nal translucent lid and also capable of being covered by the external 

 integument. Sexes similar externally, except that in the male the right 

 arm of the third pair is hectocotylized by the formation of a spoon-shaped 

 organ at the tip. 



ELEDONE Leach. . 



Octopus {pars) Lamarck ; Cuvier; Blainville, etc. 



Eledone Leach, Zool. Misc., iii, 137, 1817 (t. Gray) ; D'Orbig., Cephal. Ac6tab., p. 72 (sub- 

 genus) ; Gray, Catal. Moll. Brit. Mus., i, p. 21, 1849. 



Body, mantle, and siphon as in Octopus. Suckers in a single row on 

 all the arms. In the male the right arm of the third pair is hectocoty- 

 lized by the formation of a small spoon-shaped tip and a lateral groove, 

 nearly as in some species of Octopus. 



Eledone verrucosa Verrill. 



Bulletin Mus. Comp. Zool., viii, p. 105, plates 5, 6, March, 1881; Trans. Conn. 

 Acad., v, p. 380, pi. 52, 53, 1881. 



Plate XLIV, figs. 3, 3a. 



A stout species, covered above with prominent, rough, wart-like tuber- 

 cles, and with a circle of the same around the eyes ; four or five of 

 those above the eyes are larger and more prominent. Body thick, broad- 

 ovate, swollen beneath, moderately convex above, obtusely rounded 

 posteriorly. 



Male : Head as broad as the body, whole upper surface of body and 

 head to base of arms covered with prominent and persistent, unequal 

 warts, which are roughened by sharp conical papillse, eight or ten on 

 the larger warts, but only two or three on the smaller ones ; the warts 

 diminish in size anteriorly, and on the sides, before they disappear; 

 around the eyes they form irregular circles; just above each of the eyes 

 there are two much larger ones, bearing more than twenty conical pa- 

 pilla ; there is one before and one behind these, of somewhat smaller 

 size. Eyes large, the lower lid purple and thickened, overlapping the 

 upper one, which is thin and whitish. 



Arms considerably longer than the head and body, not very stout, 

 compressed, bearing a single crowded row of large whitish suckers, 



