and especially in Scotland. 373 
east ; or, as I have stated of the lesser shocks, like the noise 
(but now much increased) of the mail or stage coach, after 
they have passed my house about thirty yards; at which dis- 
tance, the sound communicated through the ground, &c., is 
heard more than that through the air.” 
(3.) Mr D. Drummond of Stirling happened to be in Crieff dur- 
ing the shock. He writes, that the first concussion occurred “at 
10® 16’ p.m., and another about 35’ thereafter. Both shockswere 
what are called double concussions. The first concussion of the 
first shock lasted 2”,the second concussion 3’; the period of time 
betwixt each was about 3’. I was in bed during the first shock, 
and on the fourth floor from the ground. The nature of the con- 
cussion was as if men were lifting the bed up and down, while, 
at the same time, it was shaken with great violence; so much 
so, that the canopy of the bed struck the wall and broke the 
plaster. A tremor preceded the concussion about 2’, and fol- 
lowed it, lasting 10” or 12’. Several walls were cracked ; one 
or two, I observed, from top to bottom. One gentleman in 
the neighbourhood of Crieff pulled down a chimney, to pre- 
vent its falling on the roof. This chimney I saw, with the 
stones shifted from their bed at. least half an inch. When the 
concussion took place, I was lying with my feet due west, and 
on my back. It occurred to me at the time, that the shock 
came from the point west and by south, from the circumstance 
that my left foot felt the bed move first. Immediately pre- 
ceding the undulation, I heard, with the most perfect dis- 
tinctness, door after door shut with great violence, the first at 
the far west end of the town, until it passed me, dying away 
at the far east end. I might have heard ten doors shut in 
whole. The rate at which they travelled appeared to me at 
least double the speed of the quickest locomotive. This cir- 
cumstance, I am fully impressed with the certainty of. Gable- 
walls which stood north and south, were in most instances 
eracked horizontally ; whereas those which stood east and 
west were cracked up and down, The waiter in the inn where 
I was, had been leaning with his shoulder on the west wall of 
the passage which runs north and south, when, with the con- 
cussion, he was thrown with considerable force on the opposite 
wall.. The noise was as loud, as if a sixty-pounder had been 
