Northern and Central Turkey. 59 



conglomerate. To the E. of the Mittrovitza, the mica-slate, 

 or talc-slate with quartzite, also contains serpentine, as well as 

 quartzose conglomerate and limestone. Nearly the same rocks 

 are met with in the hills E. of Pristina ; but the clay-slate is 

 altered, and of a reddish or yellowish colour. As all these beds 

 run N. — S. or N. N. W. — S. S. E., the thickness of this forma- 

 tion must be very considerable. At Pristina they are partly co- 

 vered by patches of tertiary rocks, such as clayey marl, and 

 quartzose or limestone conglomerate, with some beds of what 

 appeared to be an indurated freshwater marl, which contain 

 pebbles of quartz. I found serpentine associated with micace- 

 ous granular limestone, or cipolino, when descending from Kac- 

 sanik to Uskub, at the distance of 4 leagues from the latter 

 city. It also occurs in the form of dykes in talcose slaty and 

 limestone rocks, near the Lake of Ostrovo in Southern Mace- 

 donia ; and to the south of this lake the slates seem to be al- 

 tered at the junction. 



Hornblende rocTcs have been already noticed, particularly when 

 speaking of the Despotodagh. A tolerably large mass of horn- 

 blende rock and hornblende slate occurs three leagues N. of 

 Uskub, in the valley of the Pepentz, in felspathic mica-slates 

 and gneiss. I also observed nearly similar rocks in the lower 

 valley of the Strymon, in a gneiss with leptinite S. of Vis- 

 tritza ; and the gneiss seems occasionally to become hornblendic. 

 Hornblende rock is associated with porphyritic sienite in the 

 hills three or four leagues W. of Kostendil ; and granite is 

 also found at the same locality. I have already alluded to the 

 localities of the garnet rock, and I may remark, that it is very 

 singular to find garnet rocks so constantly associated with 

 sienite, sienitic porphyry, or granite, in all those narrow beds 

 running nearly N. — S. from the Bannat to the lower part of 

 Roraelia. 



A porphyritic and somewhat hornblendic deposit, like the 

 auriferous rocks in Transylvania, makes its appearance in the 

 Servian hills of Rudnik among the greywackc. These por- 

 phyries are sometimes slightly scoriaceous ; they are associated 

 with varieties of felspathic breccia, and contain veins which are 

 occasionally very sihceous, and are crossed by smaller veins con- 

 taining iron-pyrites, copper-pyrites, galena, and hydrate of iron. 



