68 Dr Boue on the Geography and Geology of 



to separate the iron ; and the smelting of it is not less curious ; 

 the kihi is opened every sixteen hours, and an immense quan- 

 tity of charcoal is consumed. The iron is cast in the form of 

 a saddle, in order that it may be the more easily transported 

 on asses. These mines afford a great quantity of iron, which 

 vould be of good quality if it were properly treated. 



The general directions of the mineral masses in Central Tur- 

 key are the following : — in the llilo-Planina N. — S. or N. W. 

 — S. E., the chain running N. W. — S. E. In the Perindagh 

 E._W., the chain running W. N. W.— E. S. E. The talc- 

 slates to the north of Karatova and in the Egridere run E. — W. 

 At Kacsanik the old slates N. — S. ki Pristina, and to the 

 west of that plain, the slates run N. — S, or N. N. W. — S. S. E., 

 which is also the general direction of the primary (transition) 

 rocks throughout all Servia and Moesia Superior. In the 

 Tschardagh the direction is also N. — S., but the chain runs 

 N. E. — S. W., so that the direction of the chain is different 

 ft-om that of the beds ; while, on the contrary, in Servia, Moe- 

 sia, and near Pristina, the direction of the chain is conformable 

 to that of the beds. In the Ipek group the beds run N. E. — 

 S. W.j and the chain S. E. — N. W., but in the Kurilo-planina 

 the beds run N. — S. The cretaceous beds in the white Drina 

 basin run N. W.— S. E., or N.— S. or N. N. W.— S. S. E. In 

 the greywacke of the Raschina in Servia we observed a direc- 

 tion of N. 20° E. to S. 20° W. In Southern Macedonia the 

 talcose gneiss and dolomite east of Perlepe run E. — W. ; the 

 gneiss near Perlepe S. W. — N. E. ; the chains running N. W. 

 — S. E., or N. N. W.— S. S. E. The talc-slates near Bitogha 

 run N. — S., inclining to the east. The gneiss between Bitoglia 

 and Castoria N. — S., and also E. — W., the chain running near- 

 ly N. — S. At Castoria the limestone and sandy beds run N. W. 

 — S. E. At the convent of Lisito near the lake of Castoria, the 

 gneiss, and hornblende and actinohte rocks run E. — W. At 

 Klissura the gneiss runs N. — S., inclining to the west. The 

 greyish limestone in the slates between Gafadartzi and Trojak 

 runs N. — S., and inclines to the east conformably with the di- 

 rection of the chain. The secondary limestone between Sari- 

 gol and Vodena, and the slates in the neighbourhood of the 

 lake of Ostrovo run N. — S. The secondary limestone of S. W. 



