Northern and Central Turkey. 69 



Servia and Bulgaria runs N. — S., or N. E. — S. W., or N. W. 

 — S. E. From these few data it appears that the nearly N. — S. 

 direction predominates in the central part of the countries de- 

 scribed ; whilst the N. W — S. E. direction prevails in Western 

 Turkey, as far as the Pindus, and on both sides of the Tschar- 

 dagh range, which runs N. E. — S. W. In Macedonia and Ro- 

 nielia we again find, to the west, the N. — S. and E. — W. di- 

 rections, and to the east the same directions. 



The conformity or parallelism in the directions of the chain 

 and beds is only found in central Servin. and some other parts, 

 as near Bitoglia, where the direction of the beds is N. — S. as in 

 Ser^^a. 



These are the chief facts which I ascertained on my first 

 journey to Turkey ; and as it is quite a new country, I have 

 only been able to give a general view of it. In my next jour- 

 ney, however, I intend to examine particular places more in 

 detail. The hilly countries of Turkey are not always suffi- 

 ciently inhabited or opened up by roads, to render it an easy 

 matter to give a detailed account of their geology ; indeed, it 

 would require for this purpose, a stationary geologist, and not 

 a traveller. In conclusion, I may state, that although the 

 leading facts have been clearly ascertained, some of my classi- 

 fications of transition and secondary rocks may be considered 

 as provisional ; and I shall therefore be happy to receive infor- 

 mation on the subject from any person who may examine these 

 localities 



On the Traces of a Vast Ancient Flood.* ( From Poggendor^'s 

 Annalen, 1836.^ 



Sefstbom has studied with attention the geological phenome- 

 non which is connected with the formation of our asar and the 

 rolled blocks existing in them. The long ridges, which we 

 term asar, and which consist of accumulations of rounded stones 

 of various sizes, seem to be peculiar to Sweden and Fiuland, at 



• This notice, taken from Berzelius' Jahiesbericbt No. 10, p. 381, is only 

 a preliminary account of the complete memoir by Prof. Sefstriini, which is 

 about to appear in the transactions of the Slockholni Academy. 



