Scientific Intelligence. 217 



possesses a small interstitial point of enamel at the inner side, which does not 

 appear to have place in any of those delineated. The incisors are absent ; but 

 the intermaxillary is clearly distinguishable. 



Were it not for the size of the canine and fifth molar, the specimen pre- 

 sents some resemblance to the genus Macacux, given as the type of the genera 

 Macacus and Cynocephalus ; the smallness of the canine and the larger size of 

 the molars causes the fossil to approach more nearly to the Semnopithecus than 

 to the Macacus ; the difference is, however, great between the two, for the 

 Entellus is said to attain the length of three and a half feet, whereas the length 

 of the fossil animal, if the space occupied by the molars and their size be 

 deemed sufficient ground for a conjecture, must have been equal to that of the 

 Tithecus Saft/nis, — the space taken up by the molars is 2.15 inches. This cir- 

 cumstance, and the differences before pointed out, clearly separate the fossil 

 from the species belonging to the gei^era Cynocephalus Semnopithecus. The 

 specimen is imperfect, but it indicates the existence of a gigantic species of 

 Quadrumanous animals contemporaneously with the Pachyderma of the Sub- 

 Himalayas, and thus supplies what has hitherto been a desideratum in 

 Palseontology,— proof of the existence in a fossil state of the type of organi- 

 zalion most nearly resembling that of man." I'ig 3. in Plate I. is a little 

 fore-shortened, in order to shew the bottom of the orbit at the hollow in the 

 upper part of the skull. ("Bolh figures were taken with the camera lucida.) 



SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE. 



CHEMISTRY. 



1. Oh the Burning of Limestone^ or the Decomposition of Car- 

 bonate of Lime by Heat. — M. Gay-Lussac observes, that it has 

 long been supposed that the calcination of limestone is accelerat- 

 ed by the presence of water ; and the opinion appears to be 

 adopted by lime-burners in general. M. Dumas admits the influ- 

 ence of water to be unquestionable, and he gives two explana- 

 tions of its action ; either, says he, it acts upon the carbonate, 

 and forms a temporary hydrate, taking the place of the carbonic 

 acid for a very short time, for the hydrate of lime itself is de- 

 composed by a red heat ; or the water being decomposed by the 

 carbon, employed as a combustible, is converted into various 

 gases, of which carburettcd hydrogen forms a part, and this re- 

 acting upon the carbonic acid of the carbonate, tends to convert 

 it into oxide of carbon, and thus facilitates the separation from 

 the carbonate of lime. Thus, limestone fresh quarried, and con- 

 sequently still moist, ought to be more readily calcined than the 



