and Extraordinary Movements of the Sea. 273 
effects of a preceding one, or from the inequalities of the 
submarine ground, or from the influence of strong tides. 
Another of these extraordinary movements was observed 
at Penzance on the evening of the 30th of October (1843), 
the tide being nearly two hours flood, the sea smooth, and 
the wind blowing strong from the north-east, with rain. 
Three persons, who had watched the movement from the 
pier-head for three-quarters of an hour, informed me, that 
about five o’clock the sea suddenly rushed into the harbour, 
coming round the pier-head from the south-west, and causing 
a rise in the water of about five feet; it then rushed back 
in the same line. This occurred three times successively 
in about forty minutes. A small vessel which lay aground 
in the pier was suddenly floated and carried out several 
yards, directly against the wind, and immediately borne in 
again by the succeeding influx ; after which, having been 
secured by a hawser, she was left aground on her side, and 
then again floated, twice within half-an-hour. 
On the same evening a similar flux and reflux occurred 
at Plymouth, the velocity of which was estimated by the 
master of a vessel then lying there, at eight knots an hour.” 
Mr Edmonds, in his latter paper, states, “that the oscilla- 
tion on the 5th of July 1843, which was observed at Penzance 
pier about half an hour before noon, was not confined to 
Mount’s-bay, but occurred also at Scilly,* Falmouth, Ply- 
mouth, Bristol, along the eastern coast of Scotland, and at 
the Orkneys. 
In Falmouth, as Mr Hunt informed me, it was observed 
between one and two P.M., along the shore between Falmouth 
quay and Penryn. At Plymouth it was noticed about eleven 
A.M.; at Bristol about two P.M.; at Dunbar a little after six 
p.M.; at North Berwick between one and two P.M., and twice 
afterwards on the same day; at Arbroath at five P.M.; at 
* A gentleman of St Mary’s, Scilly, informs me that the sea there was 
‘at ‘‘an unusual height,” and “ at a short distance from the most southern 
_ part of the island, was much agitated, as if some violent force from be- 
neath were lifting the body of water above, while the surrounding water 
was perfectly calm and smooth.” 
VOL. XXXVI. NO. LXXVI.—APRIL 1845, 8 
