CONTENTS. 



VI. Description of a Portable Diorama, which may 

 be viewed by a number of persons at a time. 

 By George Taix, Esq., Advocate, F.R.S.S.A. 

 With a Plan. Communicated by the Royal 

 Scottish Society of Arts, . . . 275 



VII. Description of a Marine Salinometer for the pur- 

 pose of indicating- the Density of Brine in the 

 Boilers of Marine Steam-Engines. Invented by 

 J. Scott Russell, M.A., F.R.S.E., F.R.S.S.A., 

 Civil Engineer. (With two Plates.) Commu- 

 nicated by the Royal Scottish Society of Arts, 278 

 VIII. Observations on the Llama, Alpaca, Guanaco, and 

 Vicuna. By Mathie Hamilton, Esq., M.D., 

 late of Peru. Communicated by the Author, 285 

 Vicuna and Guanaco, .... 285 

 Llama and Alpaca, .... 290 



IX. On the Existence of Raised Beaches in the neigh- 

 bourhood of St Andrews. By R. Chambers, 

 Esq., F.R.S.E., With a Plate. Communicated 

 by the Author, .... 298 



X. Brief remarks on the Expediency of Forming 

 Harbours of Refuge on the East Coast of Scot- 

 land, between the Moray Firth and the Firth of 

 Forth. "By Johx Fleming, D.D., Professor of 

 Natural Philosophy, King's College, Aberdeen, 

 F.R.S.E., Member of Wernerian Society, &c. 

 Communicated by the Author, . . 306 



XI. On the Formation of the Diamond. By Dr Alex- 

 ander Petzholdt, of Dresden, . , 317 

 XII. An Attempt to determine the mean height of 



Continents. By Baron Von Humboldt, . 326 



XIII. Notice of the Great Explosion at Dover. Con- 

 tained in a Letter to the Earl of Cathcart, by 

 Captain Stuart, 7th Royal Fusiliers. Com- 

 municated by Lord Greenock, . . 337 



XIV. On the Introduction into Scotland of Granite, for 

 Ornamental Purposes, by Messrs Macdonald 

 and Leslie of Aberdeen. By Professor Traill, 



