256 Professor Elirenberg on the Fossil Animals 



but I must remark, that the number of observations I have 

 made at more than 150 fathoms deep is very considerable. 



The various ramiiications of the great adit in the Gwennap 

 mining district, have an aggregate extent of between thirty 

 and forty miles. It drains a tract of about 5550 acres in area, 

 and discharges nearly 1500 cubic feet of water per minute. 

 Rather less than one-third of this stream is collected at the 

 adit level, whilst the remainder is pumped up from a mean 

 depth of about 190 fathoms. Its temperature varies between 

 60°5 and 68°-0, and is, on an average, more than 12° above 

 the mean of the climate. 



The subject of subterranean temperature attracted atten- 

 tion in France and Germany long before it did so in this 

 country.* Though I have made some progress in a compa- 

 rison of the results there observed with those obtained here 

 (and such an inquiry would embrace many points of interest), 

 1 must defer its completion until a more convenient opportu- 

 nity ; as, in this communication, I have purposely confined 

 myself to my own observations in Devon and Cornwall. 



4 Clarence Street, Penzance, 

 \Qth Jamtary 1843. 



Summary of Results on the Fossil Animals of the Chalk For- 

 mation, still found in a living state. By Professor Ehren- 

 BERG of Berlin. t 



It should be the endeavour of one ■who has collected new 

 facts not merely to bring them accurately and clearly under 



* M. Daubuisson, dcs Mines de Freiberg, i. p. 258 ; ibid, iii. pp. 151-18G- 

 200 ; M. de Trebra, Annales des Mines, i. (1816), p. 377 ; ibid. iii. (1818, obser- 

 vations made 18't5-7), p- 59 ; M. Hassenfratz, ibid. i. p. 378 ; M. Le Baron 

 Cordier, Sur la Teiupe'rature de I'interieur de la Terre, Memoires de I'Aca- 

 demie des Sciences, vii. (1827) ; M. J. Levallois, Annales des Mines, iii. 

 (1833), p. 620 ; M. Eeicli, Bcobachtungen ueber die Teniperatur des Gesteins 

 in verscliiedcnen Ticfcn in Jen Gruben des Sachsischen Erzgebirges in dea 

 Jahren 1830 bis 1832 ; Prof. Bischof, Edin. New Phil. Journal, xxiii. (1837), 

 ]). 330; ibid. sxiv. (1838), pp. 132-252. 



t Extracted from page 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, of a memoir in the Berlin 

 Memoirs for 183'.* ; but read before the Academy on the 17th and 31st of Oc- 

 tober, and 16th Februai-y 18-iO. Translated for and inserted in No. XI. of 

 Taylor's Scientific Memoirs. 



