1-78 FAUNAL POSITION. 



are marked as breeding- : — 



Sylvicola pardalina Bon. ^ Myiodiodes Canadensis Aud. 



" virens Lath. ^ Dendr(£ca virens Baird. 



" Blackburnia Lath. = " Blackburnice Baird. 



" iderocephala Lath. i= '' Pennsylvanica Baird. 



" Canadensis Lath. = " ccertdescens Baird. 



Vireo solitarins Vieill. 

 Piciis varius L. ^ Sphyropicns variiis Baird. 



A distinct Canadian element in the Fauna of the south Pennsyl- 

 vanian Alleghanies is thus shown. 



The facts hereinbefore narrated regarding the animal and vegeta- 

 ble life of the Catskill Mountain region are sufficient for a tolerably 

 full understanding of the faunal character of this geographical tract. 

 Considered in its entirety, the region, though of limited extent, can- 

 not be said to pertain exclusively to any minor Faunal Province, — the 

 totality of its life cannot be summed up in a single abstract term ex- 

 pressive of a distinct zoo -geographical relation. Between the Hudson 

 River and the mountainous parts of the region, where we can recog- 

 nize the influence of three distinct Faunae, one only can be con- 

 sidered to prevail in its integrity at any single point. This is the 

 Alleghanian, and extends over all the less elevated country. In the 

 lowland along the Hudson it is perceptibly modified by a southern 

 element introduced wqth certain species which extend up from the 

 lower part of the valley of that river where the influence of the 

 Carolinian Fauna is so strongly impressed, but passing inland this 

 Carolinian affinity is gradually lost, the Alleghanian Fauna, true and 

 untainted, succeeding, spreading over the greater part of the region 

 and passing into and up the valleys in its invasion of the mountain- 

 ous sections, but in its turn gradually giving way to a still more 

 northern Fauna, — the Canadian; it is not, however, before the high 

 mountain elevations are gained that this Fauna has completely suc- 

 ceeded and all traces of the Alleghanian, as such, are obliterated. 

 But even at the hio-hest altitudes the Canadian Fauna, although 

 taintlessly, is not fully represented, for some of the most character- 



