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SCAPANIOIDE. 417 
in plurimis omnino nulla; in aliis Schistocheilis antem adveniunt 
sat magna, biloba, margine vario modo incisa. lores terminales 
dioici, raro paroici. Andrecia spicata; bractee di-polyandre. 
Gynecia sepe innovatione suffulta; bractee foliis subconformes, 
erectiores tamen, magis zquilobz ; in Schistocheila autem 3 vel 4 
pares, cum suis bracteolis, caulis apici turgido et cavo (perianthii 
vicibus fuugente) adnate, summi verticilli interdum in cyathum 
6—9-fidum connate. /istillidia sat numerosa. Perianthium, ubi 
adest, emersum, a fronte compressum, aut subinflatum et 5—pluricar- 
inatum. Calyptra ovalis pyriformisve, aut libera, tenuis basique 
pistillidiis sterilibus cincta; aut (in Schistocheila) adnata, apice 
pistillidia gerens. Capsula in pedicello sat alto, vel breviusculo, 
exserta, oblonga, interdum plus duplo longior quam lata, pluristrata, 
ad basin 4—valvis. /ateres dispiri capsulz parieti interno undique 
affixi. Spore parvule. 
Of this subtribe I gathered only a single species in equatorial America, 
of the same genus (Scapania) which in our northern clime is more abund- 
ant than any other, flourishing in rocky wooded dells and indeed where- 
ever there is the requisite moisture and shade. The species are mostly 
conspicuous from their size, tufted growth, beautifully toothed large 
leaves, and often for their colour, nearly every species having a roseate or 
purple variety ; but none of them equals in size the Scapania I gathered 
in the savage Forest of Canelos, on the eastern slope of the Andes, nor 
does any European species grow normally, as it does, on the trunks of 
living trees, although all luxuriate on fallen and decaying timber. 
Schistocheila Dum. (=Gottschea Nees), the southern analogue of 
Scapania, and still more remarkable for its large and beautiful foliage, is 
entirely absent from equatorial America, although a few species occur in 
the eastern tropics. In 8. America it does not begin to appear until we 
reach Patagonia and the southern parts of Chili, but its great home is 
in Australasia. To the same subtribe belong Schistocalyx Lindberg 
(=Jung. densifolia Hook., J. vertebralis Tayl., &c.) whose fructification is 
unknown to me; and Diplophyllum Dum., of which we have 3 British 
species, D. Dicksoni (Hook.), D. obtusifolium (Hook.) and D. albicans (L.), 
the last-named probably the commonest of all European hepatic, growing 
as it does at all elevations and in almost every possible variety of site.* 
* That D. Dicksoni is a true Diplophyllwm I cannot doubt. It has all the 
characters of the genus, and the pluriplicate perianth, the axillary branches, 
&e., are quite conformable to those of D. albicans. An allied species, D. 
argenteum (Tayl. hb.) from N.W. America, is an equally decided congener. I 
add a brief character. D. argentewm (Tayl.!) Spruce. Folia transversa, 
superiora equitantia, ad } complicato-biloba, lobis lanceolatis acuminatis, 
antico postico subequilongo sepius duplo angustiore, margine grosse serrata, 
basi crenulata. Br. 3-juge, confertissim, intimz suborbiculate ad $ 2-4-lobe, 
lacinulato-spinulose. Per. emersum ovali-fusiforme, ab ipsa basi obtuse 
12-plicatum, ore in cilia numerosissima flexuosa intexta fissum, quasi- 
tomentosum. 
Diplophyllum brings us into immediate contact with Lindberg’s § Sphen- 
olobus of Jungermania (=J. minuta, J. sxxicola, &c.), which, indeed, form 
