418 Dr Bones Researches in Geography, Natural 



Dr Boue concludes this part of his work with a long cata- 

 logue of the plants of Turkey, and states that the best locali- 

 ties for botanical researches are the Balkan, Mount Rhodope, 

 and the chains betwixt Albania, Croatia, and Servia, espe- 

 cially Mounts Scardus and Pindus. I will say nothing of the 

 Fauna of Turkey, td which the best portion of his first volume 

 is devoted, except to remark, that this country affords the 

 great supply of leeches for the rest of Europe, respecting 

 which, in a subsequent volume, Dr Boue has given some 

 curious details. 



The climate of Turkey is subject to great extremes of heat 

 and cold, and the winters are more rigorous than the latitude 

 would lead us to suppose. Owing to the heat and the number 

 of stagnant waters, fevers arising from malaria are very fre- 

 quent after the commencement of July. April, May, and June 

 are therefore the best months for travelling. Dr Boue has 

 given some useful instructions for those who meditate a jour- 

 ney in this country. There are, it seems, three methods by 

 which it may be effected. The first is a simple passport ; 

 the second one of a superior kind, called Bourjardi, given by 

 the Pashas, containing an order for lodging ; the third a Fir- 

 man, an order from the central government, which entitles 

 the traveller to have a Tartar as a travelling companion and 

 protector. The traveller thus provided has a right to claim a 

 lodging in any place he arrives at from the Pasha. It is ne- 

 cessary, however, to carry a bed, an iron-kettle for making 

 soup, &c. and many other articles not required in other parts 

 of Europe, and to be prepared against the contingency of 

 finding the house consigned to you as a lodging deserted in 

 consequence of the exactions of the Turks, who when they 

 travel often go away without making any remuneration to their 

 hosts for their reception. 



With respect to the people, the Montenegrans and Alba- 

 nians are the most wild and barbarous, the Servians the high- 

 est in the scale of civilization. The former carry their family 

 feuds to such an extent, that blood can only be expiated by 

 blood. Nevertheless, travelling is not unsafe, unless in cases 

 where some suspicion or national enmity attaches to the in- 

 dividual. The Servians, on the contrary, are highly praised 



