Pennsylvania for Sesstons 1901-1903. Ixxili 
Mr. Greensmith then exhibited Adonis vernalis, Pni- 
mula denticulata and a curiously purple-blue colored prim- 
rose. He also gave a highly interesting description of 
methods he had adopted for extensive propagation of her- 
baceous plants by root and subterranean shoot cuttings and 
illustrated with numerous specimens. 
April 3. Dr. Miller, President, in the chair. Mr. S. L. 
Shumo described a recent journey made to the islands of 
Martinique and St. Vincent. He especially dwelt on the 
destruction of the vegetation by the earthquakes in the 
former island, and illustrated by a series of striking lantern 
slides. 
Dr. G. P. Goode spoke on “‘Lichens as Cave Formers.” 
He showed how these plants in many cases, and specially 
when growing on soft rock, gradually wasted the rock sur- 
face. Rain currents then washed away the loosened mate- 
rial, and cave-like excavations, between harder rock-masses 
above and below, gradually originated. 
Miss Edith Farr, Chairman of the Phanerogamic Com- 
mittee, reported on the Committee’s activities and made 
valuable suggestions for the work of the coming summer. 
Miss Marion Mackenzie supplemented her observations 
of the previous meeting by showing that vegetation was still 
advancing with marvelous rapidity, so that the season was 
an unexampled one for early unfolding of flower and leaves. 
April 17. Dr. Miller, President, in the chair. Miss 
Mira Dock spoke on “Tree Growth and Forest Reservations 
in the State of Pennsylvania.” She stated that owing to the 
varied and wise action already taken, the State was leading 
all others in securing large areas in different localities. By 
aid of a map she showed the location and comparative size 
of these, and their relation to the head waters of our more 
important streams. In all cases the land had been secured 
at a low rate, and would soon be planted with suitable 
growths of trees, where these did not already exist. To aid 
in this, nurseries of young evergreen trees had been estab- 
