Polygala polygama and P. paucifiora. 147 
CONCLUSIONS. 
1. Polygala polygama develops, in addition to the evident 
and the subterranean types of flower described in the manuals, 
athird type—the aérial cleistogamic—which may be found 
abundantly in midsummer. 
The last are morphologically intermediate between the 
former two types and with occasional transitional forms, fur- 
nish a connected series between the conspicuous and subter- 
ranean flowers. 
The shoots bearing aérial cleistogamic blooms are more 
or less geotropic. 
2. The chasmogamic flowers very largely fail to mature 
seed. The cleistogamic ones produce seed abundantly. 
3. The five sepals are present in all types of flower. Only 
one fetal (the anterior) is found in the subterranean flowers, 
and the same, with rudiments of two others (the posterior) 
appear in the aérial cleistogamic. Eight stamens are generally 
present in the aérial cleistogamic, but more or less reduced, 
and in the subterranean blooms from three to seven are found, 
still more reduced, sometimes but two bearing perfect micro- 
spores. The pzstil of the subterranean flowers is greatly 
reduced ; that of the aérial cleistogamic shows a condition 
intermediate between the former, and that of the chasmogamic 
flower. A well-developed receptacular xecfary exists in the 
chasmogamic flower. Only traces of this are present in the 
aérial cleistogamic, and it is entirely wanting in the subter- 
ranean form. 
4. Stomata are present on all parts of the evident calyx, 
irrespective of color. They are found in extreme abundance 
on the outer surface of the sepals in the aérial cleistogamic, 
and are found also on the calyx of the subterranean flowers, 
but in a rudimentary condition. 
