262 Phillips on a Comparative Study of the 
and fuchsin the protoplasm and the web structure of the 
central body were “erythrophil,” while the “filling sub- 
stance” of the central body, and the chromatin granules 
were “cyanophil,” but on account of what he termed the 
“changeableness of its morphological characteristics’ he 
doubted whether all cell nuclei of higher organisms were 
derived from the central body, though he regarded it as the 
philogenetic forerunner of the nucleus. 
Zimmermann (94) gave a critical review of the opinions 
of the different authors concerning the Cyanophycee, and 
showed that there existed great confusion regarding the 
granular constituents of the cell. This he attributed to false 
identification of the granules. He identified the chromatin 
granules of Nadson with the red granules of Biitschli, and 
with the slime balls of Schmitz and Palla, while Nadson’s 
reserve granules he considered to represent the cyanophy- 
cin granules of Palla. He retained the names “chromatin 
granules” and “reserve granules,’ and considered that the 
former represented a definite nucleus, which he found to be 
insoluble in dilute hydrochloric acid, to stain a red-violet 
with hematoxylin, and to take up methyl blue by intra- 
vitam staining, while the latter were soluble in dilute hydro- 
chloric acid, stained blue in hematoxylin, and did not take 
up the color by intra-vitam staining. Division he considered 
to be direct by mere constriction of the cell contents, and thus 
showed no similarity to karyokinesis. 
Macallum (49) in 1899 wrote a somewhat lengthy article 
on the cytology of the Cyanophycez, in which he recorded 
some very interesting experiments, especially micro-chem- 
ical, but his results as given below were mainly negative. 
In the living cells of the Cyanophycez he found two zones 
demarcated, but easily discernible; one central, denser and 
uncolored, and an outer peripheral one, containing the 
pigment which was dissolved in a fluid contained in vesicles. 
There was no evidence of a special chromatophore. The 
central body was finely vesicular and, except in its periphery, 
