266 Phillips on a Comparative Study of the 
Vines (79) claimed that the cells of the Cyanophycee 
were nucleated, but that the chlorophyll and phycocyanin 
were diffused throughout the cytoplasm and not aggregated 
in special plastids. Motion was found in some of the Cya- 
nophycez, but its mechanism was not understood. Stock- 
mayer (74), in an advance notice (the completed work of 
which apparently has not yet appeared, though several years 
have elapsed), took about the same ground as Palla con- 
cerning the cell contents, though he claimed no new points 
over other writers to support his thesis. The granules lay in 
the peripheral protoplasm and not in the central body, which 
he considered to be homogeneous, except for a web-like 
structure as claimed by Butschli. According to Langer- 
heim (45), who worked on Glaucocystis nostochinearum, 
no nucleus was present. In the younger cells, a chromato- 
phore occurred in the form of a thread passing through the 
central part of the colorless portion of the cell, but in the 
older cells it changed its form to that of a granular mem- 
brane enclosing the colorless portion, and was some dis- 
tance from the cell wall. Reinhardt (65) worked upon 
Oscillaria major (?), using picric acid as a fixing agent, and 
hematoxylin for staining. He saw very large granular 
nuclei, the granules of which he termed nucleoli, but he could 
not find the nucleus in all cells. The protoplasm had large 
and small granules, the former of which he termed chroma- 
tophores. Division was effected by a constriction of the 
protoplasm through the ingrowth of a ring-like collar which 
finally became the dividing wall. The work of Ernst (23) 
was carried out mostly on bacteria that were forming spores, 
i. e., on starved cultures. He found that by staining with 
methylene blue and Bismarck brown he brought out certain 
small blue spore-like bodies, which appeared before the 
spores were formed and which he considered to be of the 
nature of nuclei, 7. e., composed of chromatin. The spores 
were formed by a direct metamorphosis of these bodies, on 
account of which he called them the “spore-producing 
