380 Cooke and Schively on Observations on the 
In the cleistogamic flower, the filament shows the same 
structure as the evident one, but it is much smaller. The 
hairs developed on its lower portion are greatly reduced both 
in number and in size. The anther lobes are very much 
smaller also, but differ scarcely at all in structure. The only 
noticeable difference is in the greatly reduced development 
of hairs on these lobes. None at all are present on the upper 
and lateral surfaces; a few are scattered about on the lower 
surface. 
The great reduction in the development of hairs within 
the cleistogamic corolla is probably due to the fact that defi- 
nite insects are excluded, and no provision has to be made 
to ensure their aid in fertilizing the ovules. 
There is no observable difference between the pollen 
grains of the two flowers. And although the anther cavi- 
ties are much larger in the evident flowers, yet the grains 
lie much nearer together in the cleistogamic stamens. By 
actual counting of the numbers of pollen grains found in 
many sections of anther cavities in both kinds of flowers, it 
was found that the average number was greater in the case 
of the cleistogamic flower. 
The Pistil_—The structure of the pistil is nearly identical 
in the two flowers, though the styles differ greatly in length 
(Figs. 3 and 4). 
The ovary is more narrow and high in the chasmogamic 
flower, and is shorter and broader in the cleistogamic one. 
Otherwise the following description applies to both. The 
ovary is superior, one-celled, with four parietal placentas run- 
ning vertically through its walls, and projecting inward from 
them. Each placenta is traversed by three bundles, a large 
central one and a smaller one on each side. There are usu- 
ally five bundles rising in the ovarian wall, there being one 
behind each placenta always. A definite epidermis of small 
regular cells lines the cavity of the ovary. It passes out con- 
tinuously along the funiculi, where the ovules are given off, 
so that the placentar and funicular tissue are directly con- 
tinuous. 
