xviii Proceedings of the Botanical Society of 
Professor Macfarlane then spoke on “The Structure of 
Cycadean Stems and Petioles.” The formation of single 
and of accessory bundle rings in the stem, the variable 
arrangement of the bundles in the petiole and the struc- 
ture of each bundle, were described and illustrated by a 
series of micro-lantern preparations. 
Dr. S. C. Schmucker exhibited a gynandrous inflorescence 
of corn and a large laminarioid specimen from California, 
probably Lessonia. Dr. Macfarlane exhibited seedlings of 
Cassytha filiformis and of Sansevieria cylindrica from the 
University Garden. Dr. H. S. Conard showed contour-line 
survey maps of the different States and referred to the 
extreme value of these in connection with botanical survey. 
He undertook to supply these to members of the Society. 
December 6. Dr. Miller, President, in the chair. Dr. 
Harshberger described a case of symbiosis between a fungus 
and an insect. He said that frequently one observed during 
autumn in the neighborhood of Philadelphia a whitish scale- 
like crust on alder and other bushes. These consisted of a 
dense mass of scale insect known as Schizoneura tmbricator, 
which develops a white, waxy coat. It also excretes honey 
dew that trickles down on neighboring plants. The pres- 
ence of this substance invites the growth of several fungi 
which form a spongy mass that absorbs the sugar secretion 
and the decaying products of the scale insects. The chief 
fungus development is Scorias spongiosa. 
The chairman then read a paper which had been pre- 
pared by Miss E. O. Abbot, and circulated by the Society, 
in favor of the Appalachian National Forest Reserve. As 
a result several local societies and clubs had responded 
endorsing the movement. 
Dr. Henry Leffmann made a communication on “Botany 
in the Laboratory.” He said that chemistry and biology 
should go hand in hand, and thus the chemist should be able 
to recognize starch grains in connection with food adultera- 
tion, plant tissues in cases of poisoning, the distinction of 
mt: 
