16 THE WOODS OF NEW BRUNSWICK. 
remarkably durable, It has been said to be more lasting in ships’ 
timbers than oak, There are two varieties known among woods- 
men, the white and the yellow, the former being much inferior 
to the latter in strength and durability. 
Tamarack is largely used in shipbuilding for timbers, knees, 
beams, etc., but large roots and timber have become scarce, and 
cannot be obtained unless at considerable expense. 
In the County of Aroostook, in the State of Maine, trees of 
Hackmatac have been obtained from which have been made four 
tons of timber, 
Lumbermen remark, that in almost every place where you find 
a very large Tamarack, apparently growing alone, by searching a 
few rods on either side you will find a companion of nearly similar 
proportions. Hackmatac planks are well adapted for floor boards 
and door steps, from their extreme hardness, and an infusion of 
the boughs and bark furnishes a good alterative for horses. 
THe Cypress TRIBE (Cupressina). 
The only representatives in New Brunswick of this section, 
marked by having a globular or ovoid Strobilus, instead of a true 
cone for fruit, are the American Arbor Vite, the Red Cedar, 
and the Juniper. 
Tue AmerIcAN Arbor Vitam (Thuya occidentalis, L.). 
This tree, often but improperly called the White Cedar, is 
abundant in New Brunswick. It is met with everywhere in low 
grounds and swales, but especially where the soil is clayey and 
the drainage imperfect. The largest and best trees occur inter- 
mingled with hardwood. They grow thickest in what are called 
cedar swamps, forming for short distances dense forests well nigh 
impenetrable. When growing thickly together the wood is 
generally very defective and the diameter comparatively small, 
rarely exceeding 1 to 2 feet. 
On the dry limestone hills near St John, this species forms 
dense thickets of beautifully pyramidal trees. It is found in 
greatest abundance, as well as of the best quality, on the Resti- 
gouchbe river and on the upper St John. Mr J. A. M‘Callum, 
when surveying the dividing line between the counties of Victoria 
and Madawaska, on the lands of the New Brunswick Land and 
Lumber Company, observed thousands of white cedars which were 
