412 ECONOMIC FORESTRY. 
tana, L., the mangosteen ; Dwrio Zibethinus, DC., the Durian ; 
Isonandra Gutta, gutta percha; and Aquilaria ovata and Agallocha, 
Roxb., “eagle” or ‘aloes-wood,” yielding “ Lign-aloes,” a resin 
burnt as incense. 
(4 anv 5.) Sumarra AND Java. 
Not less than a fourth of Java is still covered with forest. In 
the first, or tropical zone—i.e., up to 2000 feet—Magnoliacee and 
Anonacee prevail, other lofty trees being Idimusops acuminata, 
Spathodea gigantea, and Irina glabra. In the second zone—i.e., 
up to 4500 feet—the chief tree is the ‘‘ Rasamala” (Liquidambar 
Altingia ; nat. order, Balsamifluc), which yields “ liquid storax ;” 
others being “‘ Puspa” (Schima Noronha ; nat. order, Camelliacee), 
a fine heavy, red timber ; ‘“ Ki sapi” (Gordonia excelsa; nat. order, 
Camelliacee) ; ‘Gadok” (Dischoffia javanica, Bl.; nat. order, 
Euphorbiacee) ; “Bayur” (Pterospermum Blumeanum ; nat. order, 
Sterculiacee), and Lpicharis densiflora (nat. order, Meliacee). Besides 
the sago palm, other trees are Pangium edule (nat. order, Pangiacee), 
a hard wood, with edible nuts and a bark used to poison fish ; 
‘“‘Kayu Gabas” (Alstonia scholaris, R. Br.; nat. order, Apocynacee) ; 
Dipterocarpus trinervis; Podocarpus cupressina, which grows to 
200 feet high in Java and Penang ; Dryobalanops Camphora, the 
Sumatra camphor ; Cratoxylon Hornschuchii (nat. order, Hypert- 
cine) ; and Engelhardtia spicata (nat. order, Juglandacee), used 
for cart-wheels. Cassia florida, Vahl., known as “ juar,” indigenous 
in Sumatra; the Surian (Cedrela febrifuga, Bl. ; nat. order, Meliacee) ; 
and Hucalyptus Globulus are being largely planted in Java. 
(6.) Borneo. 
Borneo possesses very extensive forests, besides mangrove swamps, 
and some most valuable timbers have been sent home by the British 
North Borneo Company ; but unfortunately they are not yet well 
known, botanically or commercially. Several lists have been printed 
at Sandakan. They include “ Mirabou,” Afzelia palembanica ; 
“ Rassak,” Vatica, probably three species ; “ Kayu Kapor,” Dryoba- 
lanops Camphora ; “ Seriah,” “ Serayah,” “ Selangan,” “ Majow,” 
or ‘Borneo Cedar,” probably a Hopea (Dipterocarpacee), or 
several species; besides valuable woods, known as “ Billian,” ant 
and teredo-proof ; ‘ Ballow ;” ‘“‘Compass,” allied to ‘ Mirabou ;” 
“Greeting,” and “ Penago,” or ‘ Panagah,’ known as “ Borneo 
