454 ECONOMIC FORESTRY. 
cocoa-nut palm, Alewrites triloba, Casuarina, Ficus, various Myr- 
tacee, and a kind of Kauri pine (Dammarua?). 
New CALeponi<, ETC. 
With a sub-tropical flora of a generally Polynesian type, New 
Caledonia is linked to Australia, as are the New Hebrides, by 
Myrtacee, such as “ Niaulis,” Melaleuca viridiflora, valuable alike 
for its timber, bark, and cajeput oil; and by Araucarias, such as 
A. Cookit and A. Rulet; and to New Zealand by a Kauri pine 
(Dammara ?). “ Tamanou” (Calophyllum montanum), Cordia Se- 
bestena, “ Ironwood ” (Caswarina ?), and Acacias also abound. The 
Norfolk Island pine (Arauwcaria excelsa) is endemic to that island. 
AUSTRALASIA. 
Though there are vast tracts in the interior of Australia covered 
with “scrub,” the area of timber-producing forest is comparatively 
small, and belongs mainly to the eastern colonies. The foliage is 
usually evergreen, being often phyllodinous and glaucous. Huca- 
lyptus and Acacia compose four-fifths of the forests, other prevalent 
genera being Callitris, Casuarina, Banksia, Melaleuca, Xanthor- 
rhea, and Lxocarpus. From their rapid growth, and the durability, 
strength, and toughness of their wood, the gum-trees (Hucalypti) 
are especially valuable. Conservation has now begun ; but mine- 
props, and even firewood, are locally scarce.? 
QUEENSLAND. 
Wooden buildings, the almost exclusive use of wood as fuel, rail- 
way and telegraph needs, and wholesale clearing for agriculture, 
have much thinned the timber of Queensland ; but the red cedar 
(Cedrela Toona, Roxb.), and Moreton Bay, Kauri, and cypress 
pines (Araucaria Cunninghamiz, Aiton, Agathis robusta and 
Callitris robusta, R. Brown) are considerable articles of export. 
The following list is taken from the very full and carefully com- 
piled catalogue, by F. M. Bailey, F.L.S., colonial botanist, in the 
“ Catalogue of the Queensland Exhibits : Colonial and Indian Ex- 
hibition,” which describes the trees, their wood, and uses, giving 
colonial and native names, and distribution outside Queensland. 
Wormia alata, R. Brown. (Dilleniacee.) Dark, close-grained. Cabinet 
work. Also in New Guinea. 
Eupomatia laurina, R. Brown. (Anonacee.) Also in New South Wales. 
1 Dr Cleghorn, ‘‘ Encyclopedia Britannica,” ix., 407. 
