478 ECONOMIC FORESTRY. 
fully mottled, tough, durable, taking a good polish. Used for ship and 
house building, but superior to European, American, or New Zealand pines 
as acabinet wood. Sp. gr., 650. (Coniferw.) 
Eucalyptus amygdalina, Lab. ‘‘ Peppermint gum.’ 
E. globulus, Lab., E. obliqua, L’ Hérit. 
E. viminalis, Lab. ‘‘Swamp” or ‘‘ White gum.” An inferior, but 
abundant species. 
Fagus Cunninghami, Hook. ‘‘ Native myrtle.” Sp. gr., ‘795. Perish- 
able. Furniture. Northern Tasmania. (Cupulifere.) 
Hakea acicularis, R. Br., var. lissosperma. ‘‘Native pear.” Hard- 
Turnery.  (Proteacee.) 
Leptospermum lanigerum, Sm. ‘‘ Tea tree.” (Myrtacee.) 
Notelea ligustrina, Vent. ‘‘ Ironwood,” ‘‘ Heart-wood. 
centre like olive. Mallets, blocks, ete. (Oleacee.) 
Olearia argophylla, F. v. M. (= Eurybia). ‘*‘ Muskwood.” (Composite. ) 
Phyllocladus rhomboidalis, Rich. ‘‘Celery-topped pine.” Masts, ete. 
( Conifere.) 
Pittosporum bicolor, Hook. ‘‘ Whitewood.” Formerly used for native 
clubs, and probably suitable for engraving. (Pittosporew.) 
[See J. D. Hooker, “ Flora of Tasmania.” | 
(Myrtacee. ) 
” 
Very hard, 
New ZEALAND. 
“One of the richest portions of the globe as regards arboreous 
vegetation is the colony of New Zealand. It enjoys a climate 
similar to that of the south of Europe; the vegetation is most 
luxuriant, and many tropical plants flourish, while conifers, charac- 
teristic of colder regions, also abound. In Britain the number of 
indigenous timber trees is only 35 out of a flora of 1400 species ; 
while New Zealand has 113 timber trees in a flora of only 1000 
species.” 1 The forest area of New Zealand was estimated at over 
twenty million acres in 1830, and only twelve million acres in 1874, 
clearing then proceeding at the rate of 4 per cent. perannum. The 
forests which are not still in the hands of the Maories, are, however, 
mainly in those of Government ; and conservation has now been 
inaugurated. By far the most valuable tree in New Zealand is the 
“ Kauri” (Dammara australis, Lamb.), which is confined to North 
Island. It grows 120 or even 200 feet high, with a diameter of 10 
to 20 feet, is very strong and durable, though not teredo-proof, is 
sometimes richly mottled, and has long been used in our dockyards 
for masts and spars. It also yields the valuable Kauri gum. 
Species of pine and beech characterise South Island, and the latter 
predominates on Stewart Island. 
1 Dr Cleghorn, ‘‘ Encycl. Brit.,” vol. ix., p. 407. 
