480 ECONOMIC FORESTRY. 
Olearia Traversii, F.v. M. ‘‘ Bastard sandal-wood.” (Composite.) 
Panaz crassifolium, Dec. & Planch. ‘‘ Horoeka,” ‘‘ Grass tree,” ‘‘ Lance- 
wood.” Tool handles. (Avraliacece.) 
Pittosporum eugenioides, A. Cunn. ‘‘ Tarata,” ‘‘ Turpentine.” Furniture. 
(Pittosporem. ) 
P. tenuifolium, Banks & Sol. ‘‘ Mapau,” ‘‘ Black maple.” 
Phyllocladus alpinus, Hook. fil. ‘‘Toatoa.” Furniture, ete. (Conifere.) 
P. trichomanoides, Don. ‘‘ Tanekahe,” ‘‘ Celery pine.” Strong, durable in 
damp. Sleepers, ete. Tannin. 
Plagianthus betulinus, A. Cunn. ‘‘ Powhiwhi,” ‘‘ Lace bark.” (Malvacee.) 
Podocarpus dacrydioides, A. Rich. ‘‘ Kahikatea,” ‘‘ White pine.” Abun- 
dant, white, tough. Canoes, etc. (Conijere.) 
P. ferruginea, Don. ‘‘ Miro,” ‘‘ Bastard black pine.” Reddish, durable. 
piles. 
P. spicata, R. Br. ‘‘ Matai,” ‘‘ Black pine.” Abundant, yellowish, very 
durable. Piles, sleepers, building. 
P. Totara, A. Cunn, ‘‘Totara.” Very durable ; asubstitute for mahogany. 
Sleepers, piles, etc. e 
Quintinia serrata, A.Cunn. ‘‘ New Zealand lilac.” (Saxifragacee.) 
Santalum Cunninghamti, Hook. fil. ‘“‘ White Maire.” Engraving. 
(Santalacece. ) 
Sapota costata, A. DC. ‘‘ Pau,” ‘* New Zealand box.” (Sapotacce.) 
Sophora tetraptera, Ait. ‘* Kowhai.” Fencing, ete. (Leguminose.) 
Tetranthera calicaris, Hook. fil. ‘*‘Mangeao.” Tough. Ships’ blocks. 
(Laurinee. ) 
Vitex littoralis, A. Cunn. ‘“‘ Puriri,” ‘‘ New Zealand teak.” Extremely 
strong, heavy. Sleepers, piles, ete. (Verbenacce.) 
Weinmannia racemosa, Forst. ‘‘ Kamai.” Sleepers. (Saxifragacee. ) 
CoNcLUSION. 
Such may be said to be a general summary of the names and 
economic uses, so far as they are yet known, of the timber trees 
of the world. A vast amount of investigation, however, has still 
to be made, before an accurate estimate of the properties and 
uses of every forest tree can be formed. Valuable as vernacular 
names often prove as a means of identifying plants, and especially 
timbers, enough has been here said to show how frequently they 
are but vaguely or even mistakenly applied, even by natives, and 
how practically important it is to be able to discriminate with 
scientific accuracy the various ‘ebonies,” ‘ironwoods,” “ red- 
woods,” “ yellow-woods,” “cedars,” “pines,” and “gum trees” of 
different countries. 
