490 THE NATIVE TREES AND SHRUBS OF CARNARVONSHIRE. 
31. The Cut-leaved Pyrus (2. torminalis)—This is usually 
found wild as a large spreading shrub, with broad, deeply divided 
leaves, these being covered with a loose down, which gradually 
disappears as the season advances. The flowers are smaller and 
usually more numerous than in the last species, and with globose 
or pear-shaped brown fruit. 
32. The Rowan Tree or Mountain Ash (P. aucuparia).—A 
well-known and elegant native tree that is at once distinguished 
from the preceding species by the regularly pinnate leaves. The 
scarlet berries of this tree, which are usually borne in great 
abundance, render it highly attractive and ornamental during the 
autumn months. In this county it ascends to a considerable 
height on the Snowdon range, growing from the clefts of the rocks, 
and braving fearlessly the wildest blasts of that wild and romantic 
situation. 
33. The Hawthorn (Crategus Oxyacantha).—This common 
native shrub or small tree requires no description, for who is there 
that is not well acquainted with the pure white or pinky flowers of 
the May? Apart altogether, however, from its ornamental qualities, 
the hawthorn is, perhaps, our most useful native shrub, for certainly, 
taking circumstances into consideration, no other plant can equal it 
in the formation of hedges, and for which purpose it is now gene- 
rally adopted. As an ornamental and thoroughly hardy subject it 
is one of the best, and when studded over a park or lawn imparts 
during the spring and summer months a beauty of both ioliage and 
flower that is not readily surpassed. 
34, The Common Cotoneaster (Cotoneaster vulgaris).—This is a 
rare native shrub, having but one British station—the Great Orme’s 
Head—and there too becoming fast exterminated by the too 
pressing attention of visitors. At one time, not many years since, 
it was fairly abundant, growing in patches here and there along the 
limestone cliffs, of which the headland is composed. In these its 
native haunts it seldom rises above a few inches in height, the 
severe saline blasts keeping it low and stunted, unless in a few 
favoured situations where specimens of over a foot in height may 
occasionally be found. Several plants that had been transferred 
from the headland about thirty years ago, and which I saw the 
other day, had become, through the more genial surroundings of a 
country garden, nearly 5 ft. in height, a size never attained in its 
native wilds. 
