STATE AND PROSPECTS OF ARBORICULTURE IN HAMPSHIRE. 549 
Mountain Asu (Pyrus aucuparia), locally called ‘ scatter ash,” 
is of little repute amongst wood-workers ; although, from its tough 
nature and straight clean growth, it might be supposed to be useful 
for hoops, hurdles, etc. 
Privet (Ligustrum vulgare) is common, but of no special use. 
Hotty produces walking-sticks and whip-handles, but is usually 
made into bavins of not much value, and it might as well be left 
to come in for timber or for ornament by the rides ; indeed, on some 
estates it is a condition that it shall be left when the rest of the 
underwood is sold. 
Bucxtuorn (Rhamnus frangula) occurs very rarely. It is re- 
puted to be the best wood for gunpowder. 
The above is an exhaustive list of the varieties of underwood to 
be found in the coppices and woods of Hampshire, and the different 
wood goods may be catalogued as follows :—Ilst. H/oops, which are 
made from 43 ft. to 14 ft. in length ; some are left straight, whilst 
others are bent. 2d. Hwrdles for folding sheep. These are pre- 
ferable to netting or iron hurdles, in that they afford a better 
shelter for sheep ; they are also used for lining the holds of ships. 
dd. Crate rods for making crates for crockery-ware, ete. 4th. Pea 
stakes. 5th. Spars for thatching. 6th. Withes for tying faggots, 
ete. 7th. Hop poles, 8th. Brooms. 9th. Broom, mop, and rake 
handles. 10th. Scarlet runner bean stakes. 11th. Walking-sticks. 
12th. Whip handles. 13th. Sheep cages, used as racks for hay in 
the fold ; and, being light in weight, are to be preferred to any 
other. 14th. Skewers. 15th. Wood for gunpowder. 16th. Faggots 
of sorts, principally what is called copse and frame faggots; the 
latter being made in a frame, and composed of the largest and best 
wood for heating bakers’ ovens. 17th. Bavins are the faggots of 
the smaller wood, and out of which are made the small match 
faggots for lighting fires. 
The above shows the various uses of the underwood, and that 
many useful articles of common sale are made therefrom. 
From careful calculations that have been made for a series of 
years of the profit arising from underwood, it is found to range 
from 5s. to lds. per acre per annum; that is leaving out of the 
question the crop of timber which is gradually coming on in the 
coppices where the underwood grows. The price of an acre of 
underwood ranges from £3 to £8, much depending upon age, 
situation, quality, and crop—the buyer, of course, doing all the 
labour of cutting and converting the same. 
