S44 Dr Boue oti the Population and Agriculture 



ried in Hungary. He lives in a very quiet way, and generally 

 resides at Kragojevatz ; but he also has KonaTcs at Topschid, 

 near Belgrade, at Poscharevatz, and perhaps in other places. 

 From time to time he assembles together the chief men of the 

 state. The Prince himself, and also his officers and the troops, 

 are clothed in the complete European dress ; but the captains 

 still retain their beautiful red Turkish uniform. The govern- 

 ment is of the least complicated and most economical kind, but 

 at the same time perfectly effective. The money in use is 

 Austrian as well as Turkish ; and we even find the Austrian 

 paper-money in the large towns. 



The whole country is intersected by great roads, which are 

 not at all macadamized, so that, although they are good in 

 summer and during dry weather, they become extremely bad 

 in the winter. There are a great many small bridges, and at 

 Keupri there is a pretty long one. But the country is greatly 

 in want of engineers, of medical men, and particularly of good 

 artisans, such as carpenters, joiners, locksmiths, and cartwrights. 

 Situations have been formed for 25 superior medical men and 

 64 surgeons ; but some of them are still vacant owing to the 

 want of proper men. New churches are being built every- 

 where ; and towns and villages are rebuilt in more healthy si- 

 tuations. An ordinary new house for a peasant will cost him 

 only 12 or 20 francs, besides his own labour, as he gets the 

 wood from Government. A potash manufactory has been esta- 

 blished ; but glass, delftware, cloth, and beet-root sugar-manu- 

 factories are still awanting, and would probably turn out most 

 advantageous speculations, as the trade with the rest of Tur- 

 key is free. It is curious, in the infancy of the arts, to observe 

 the few instruments of the carpenter, &c. Planks are squared 

 with the axe in most places ; and there is only one saw-mill in 

 the whole country : the use of the large double-handed saw is 

 quite unknown. In these respects the Servians are very far 

 behind the Bulgarians and Greeks ; as these last have not only 

 large tanneries, but also manufactories of morocco leather, arti- 

 cles of copper, cloth, cotton, cotton-stuffs, carpets, and shawls ; 

 as also fine establishments for dying thread as well as some 

 kinds of cloth. 1 myself saw at Scharkoe nearly the whole 

 population occupied in making beautiful carpets : the colours 



