410 Sir E. F. Bromliead's Attempt to ascei-tain 



out a cupule, more or less indehiscent (? Hensloviacese). 

 Ovules not more than one to each carpel or indefinite. 



7. PiPEBALES. — Not truly arboreous ; leaves (if any) simple, 

 stipulate or sheathing or opposite or decurrent. lAaXeJlowers 

 small, spadiceous or amentaceous or spiked or solitary, sub- 

 tended by a scale or spatha or bractea. Calyx (if present) of 

 distinct sepals or narrow divisions. Stamens usually close to 

 the gcrmen. Carpels 1-4. As many styles or stigmas as car- 

 pels perfectly or imperfectly developed ; stigmas often sessile 

 or recurved or on setaceous or subulate styles. Ovules 1 to 

 each stigma or indefinite. The seed or the emhryo minute. 

 Albumen present (exc. ? Podostemaceoe), embryo inclosed in 

 albumen or in a vitelline sac (exc. .'' Podostemaceae). 



Inclining to a warm habitat. 



8. Halokagales. — Hei'baceous or frutescent, leaves not com- 

 pound though sometimes much divided ; stipules 0. Flowers 

 small. Petals (if present) fugacious, as many as the calycine 

 divisions, alternating. Stamens not more than double the 

 calycine lobes, not adelphous, inserted with the petals, ad- 

 herent to the calyx (if any). Carpels 1-4, forming indepen- 

 dent cells, connate with each other, adherent to the calyx (if 

 any) or enclosed (Ceratophyllea;) ; pericarp not valved. Ovules 

 not more than 1 for each carpel, pendulous, exarillate. Al- 

 bumen (if present) fleshy and thin, enclosing the embryc ; 

 embryo only slightly or not at all curved ; radicle to the hi- 

 lum. 



Inclining to a temperate habitat. 



9. CE MOTHER ALES. — Not lactescent ; leaves simple, penni- 

 nerved, undivided. Sepals more or less connate, valvate in the 

 bud or rarely somewhat open or in broken series (Yochyaceae), 

 odd sepal superior. Petals (when present) adherent to the calyx, 

 not exceeding the number of calycine lobes, alternating. Sta- 

 mens not more than four times the number of calycine lobes, 

 adherent to the calyx, not adelphous. Carpels 1-4, not ex- 

 ceeding the number of calycine lobes, forming independent cells, 

 connate with each other, adherent to the calyx or enclosed. Style 

 1, slender. Ovides indefinite and central, or definite and then 

 pendulous or erect. Albumen (exc. Montinia) ; emhryo 

 straight. 



