Characters of the Botanical Alliances. 411 



Inclining to a warm habitat. 



10. Myrtales. — Not lactescent ; leaves simple; stipules Oy 

 or smaU and deciduous (Lecythidaceae). Sexes united ; flowers 

 regular. Petals (if present) as many as the calycine lobes, 

 issuing from the throat. Disk adherent to the calyx. Stamens 

 perigynous, more or less inflexed in the bud. Carpels connate 

 with each other, forming independent cells, more or less adhe- 

 rent to the calyx. Style 1 ; stigma undivided. Placentee not 

 parietal. Albumen or brittle (Alangiaceae). 



Inclining to a tropical habitat. 



11. RosALEs. — Leaves alternate; the compound leaves ,s^i- 

 pulate but not compoundly stipulate, the simple leaves stipu- 

 late (exc. Lowca and some Spiraeaceae) ; not cirrhose. Calyx 

 of 5 lobes or sepals, in an unbroken series, reflex or deciduous, 

 the odd one superior. Petals rarely absent, as many as the 

 calycine divisions, alternating, not connate with each other, 

 issuing from the calyx, imbricated, not papilionaceous. Sta- 

 mens incurved in aestivation, adherent to the calyx, not adel- 

 phous; anthers 2-celled, turned inwards (exc. Neillia), opening 

 longitudinally (exc. Alchemilla arvensis). Carpels forming in- 

 dependent cells, not gynobaseose, without an epigynous disl^, 

 not connate with each other or rarely so under compression of 

 a fleshy calyx (some Pyraceae). Stigmas not sessile ; styles 

 not connate. Fruit not leguminous. Albumen (exc. Neillia, 

 HirteUa) ; embryo straight. 



Inclining to a mild habitat. 



12. Saxifragales. — Not lactescent ; stipules (exc. Heu- 

 chera, Cunoniaceae). Sepals 2-10, more or less connate, tubular 

 at the base, more or less persistent (exc. some Cunoniaceae). 

 Petals rarely absent, not fewer than the calycine divisions, in a 

 single row, alternating. Stamens not fewer than the calycine divi- 

 sions, adherent to the calyx or issuing from a disk. Carpels 

 1-5, more or less connate with each other, more or less free 

 from the calyx ; carpels distinguishable early or at maturity 

 by the diverging summits, or by the styles or stigmas or dehi- 

 scence. Ovules (if central) numerous and seeds small. Al- 

 bumen fleshy, enclosing the embryo ; embryo straight or nearly 

 so ; radicle to tlie hilum or superior ; cutijlecluns short. 



13. Cucurbitales. — Not arboreous , leaves simple; stipules 



