27r 
Jan. 1905. ] BOTANICAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH. 6 
of Egypt, and which at one time or another were affected 
by rust. 
1. In the country of Behera noteworthy observations were 
made in two fields. 
(a) A field in the vicinity of Alexandria. Sheltered. 
Wheat was grown during the years 1897, 1899 and 
1900, and suffered from rust all round. 
(0) A large field near Abouhommos. 
After a mild winter with occasional winds during the 
winter 1896-97, the attack of rust was general. Grasses 
and plants of wheat growing in sheltered canals and drains 
showed the uredospore stage in winter time. During the 
years 1898-99, winters being severe and the field exposed, 
rust did make its presence in the wheat crops in spring, but 
it was of a weak nature and seemed unable to cause any 
damage, notwithstanding the fact that later in the season 
the conditions were very favourable. But it seemed as 
if two successive cold winters had entirely exhausted the 
fungus. On careful examination in the canals, drains, and all 
sheltered spots, no uredospores could be found in the winter 
as during 1896-7. 
2. Several observations made in various fields in the north- 
eastern portion of the delta, showed that rust affected 
certain fields year after year, and uredospores were common 
in winter. 
In this part of the country the minimum temperature 
seldom if ever falls very low, the climate being on the whole 
damp and genial. Strong northerly and westerly winds often 
sweep over the country, but these do not materially affect the 
fungus; on the contrary, they help, if anything, to spread it. 
3. In Simbellawen, two fields, which after the mild winter 
of 1896-97 were heavily damaged by rust, were almost 
entirely free from the pest in 1899, and particularly the less 
sheltered one. 
4. In Hehya a field was infested with rust during the 
season of 1897, the disease never being noticed again 
in that tield. The field was a good one, exposed, highly 
situated, and well drained. It belonged to a native, who took 
no measures whatever to combat the disease after it made 
its appearance in 1897. 
5. In the neighbourhood of Zagazig a field was found to 
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