Fes. 1905. | BOTANICAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH. 69 
MEETING OF THE SOCIETY, 
Thursday, February 9, 1905. 
Professor I. BayLey Batrour, F.R.S., President, in the Chair. 
PERICLES JOANNIDES, Esq., 81 Gilmore Place, Edinburgh, 
was proposed as a Resident Fellow of the Society by Dr. Rh. 
STEWART MacDouGALt, and seconded by W. W. Smrru, M.A. 
_ The following candidates were balloted for and duly 
elected Resident Fellows of the Society :-— 
-_Epuarp Essep, Esq. 
A. J. Ross, Esq., M.A., B.Se. 
LEONARD C. Scort, Esq. 
As a Non-Resident Fellow :— 
The Rev. J. J. MARSHALL LANG AIKEN, B.D. 
Professor JAMES W. H. TRAIL, F.R.S., as retiring President, 
gave a valedictory address on “ Herbaria and Biology.” In 
his paper Professor Trail supported strongly the making of 
Herbaria and local lists—he considered them of very great 
value for teaching purposes, and dissented entirely from the 
views expressed at the Southport meeting of the British 
Association upon their value. The President subsequently 
spoke in support of Professor Trail’s view. The cordial 
thanks of the Society were given to Professor Trail for his 
interesting address. 
HERBARIA AND BIOLOGY. 
The British Association Report of the meeting at South- 
port (1903, pp. 420-429), in the Report of the Committee 
on “The Teaching of Botany in Schools,” gives an instructive 
example of the swing of the pendulum in science, as in other 
fields of human progress, from one extreme towards the 
opposite. In this document is much with which we must 
heartily agree, especially those who have. as students and 
as teachers of botany, learned from experience that plants 
must be studied as living things; that personal investigation 
alone can gain a knowledge worth acquiring; that a too 
