28 



Grape; it never bears these leaf -galls, any more than the wild species 

 from which it took its origin; while the Clinton, being a variety of 

 the Frost Grape, is often grievously afflicted with them, like the 

 source from which it sprang. 



CHAPTER III.— The Rose-bug. (Maerodactyhis subspino.ws, Linnseus.) 



In particular seasons, as is well known, and in particular locali- 

 ties, this insect occurs in prodigious swarms, and gathers upon grape- 

 vines so as to strip them almost entirely of their leaves. The only 

 known remedy that is practically available, is to jar them off the vines 

 and kill them ; and of course, if we can induce them to concentrate 

 their forces upon one particular vine and leave the rest alone, the 

 labor of destroying them will be very greatly diminished. 



Luckily for the grape-grower, this can be done. There is con- 

 current evidence from a great number of different sources, that the 

 Eose-bug prefers the Clinton to all other cultivated varieties, and 



Gall Caryae semex, new species, made by Dactylosphcera, caryce-semen, 

 new species. On the general surface of the leaflets of the Pignnt Hickory 

 (Carya ylabra,) in prodigious abundance, a subglobular, smooth^ seed-like, 

 hollow, sessile gall, 0.06 — 0.10 inch in its widest diameter, sub-hemispherical 

 above, rather flatter below, with a nipple-like opening in the middle. Walls 

 of the gall rather stout, fleshy and not woody. The external color is green- 

 ish yellow above, and pale green below, with the open central nipple whitish. 

 There are frequently as many as one hundred of these galls on a single 

 leaflet. Inside may often be found as many as three or four mother bark-lice, 

 similarly shaped, and of the same yellow color as those of the Vitifolice 

 gall, but, on the average, rather smaller, and accompanied in the same man- 

 ner by eggs or very young larvae, or both. As with the mother bark-lice of 

 the galls Vitifolice Fitch, Carycfvence Fitch, and Carycefallax Walsh MS., 

 the antennae of this mother bark-louse are three-jointed, joints one and two 

 short and sub-equal, and joint three longer than one and two put together. 

 The young larvae are about 0.01 inch long, and of the usual shape. Almost 

 as soon as hatched — ^as is also the case with the larva; of all the allied galls 

 — these larvae stray away to found new galls. The galls themselves are very 

 abundant about July 24th, but by August 12th they were almost all empty 

 and gaping open below. Out of twenty or twenty-five examined at this last 

 date, all but one were empty, and that one contained only a single bark-louse 

 egg. The gall-insect is infested by a Mite {Acarus family) and also by a 

 Chalets fly. 



This Bark-louse gull may be readily distinguished from the Plant-louse 

 gall, Caryce globuli, Walsh, with which Dr. Shimer has unaccountably con- 

 founded it, not only by its being only one-third or one-fourth as wide across, 

 but by opening below with a roundish,nipple-like hole,whereas the latter opens 

 below with an elongated slit. (See Ptoc. Ent. Soc. Phil. VI. p. 275.) More- 

 over, the former almost alwaj's contains eggs, the latter never; because the 

 Bark-louse is oviparous, and the Plant-louse, at all events, so long as it re- 

 mains in the gall, is invariably viviparous. 



