[ 432 J 12 



what now appears possible, and more probable, that the moths may live 

 and continue to deposit their eggs for a period of several weeks. This 

 view is confirmed by the unequal development of the eggs, as seen in 

 the ovaries of the female moths. Upon dissecting these moths within 

 a few days of the time of their emergence from the pui:)a state, for the 

 purpose of counting the eggs which they contain, I have found it very 

 difficult to determine the number, for the reason here given. Whilst in 

 in many moths, such as many, if not all of the Bombycidte, the eggs are 

 developed and deposited at one and the same time, in the Codling-moth 

 the eggs are to be seen in all stages of development, analogously 

 to those found in the domestic fowl. By carefully unfolding the ovaries 

 in water, they can be traced to their origin, with the contained ova 

 of gradually diminishing diameters. This condition of the ova implies 

 that they are develoj)ed and therefore probably deposited successively 

 and for a considerable time. I have usually succeeded in coimtiug from 

 forty to sixty tolerably developed eggs, making an average of about 

 fifty. But if all the undeveloped eggs come to matiuity, this number 

 must be considerably increased. 



MORE THAN ONE BROOD. 



The testimony is somewhat conflicting upon this point, and must pro- 

 bably be explained by the circumstance that the habits of this insect have 

 been observed in different latitudes and in widely remote localities. Dr. 

 Harris expresses the opinion that it is usually single brooded in Kew 

 England, but it is universally double brooded, at the West ; at least in 

 all parts of the State of Illinois, and farther south. 



The same discrepancy exists in the reports from different parts of 

 Europe. M. Zeller, the distinguished microlepidopterist of Stettin, in 

 the northern part of Prussia, as quoted by Mr. Eilcy, states that this 

 moth is single brooded in that latitude, whilst M. Schmidberger, in 

 Kollar's Treatise, writing in the latitude of Vienna, about five degrees 

 or nearly three hundi^ed and fifty miles farther south, describes the 

 moths as depositing eggs for a second brood. 



PRACTICAL TREATMENT. 



This may be reduced to the four following heads ; 



1st. Destroying the insects in their winter quarters. 



2d. I'icking the wormy apples from the trees. 



3d. Gathering the wormy apples from the ground, or letting swine and 

 sheep have the range of the orchard. 



4th. Entrapping the worms in bauds and other contrivances. 



To which may be added the help to be derived from their natural 

 enemies. 



