ORDERS OF INSECTS. 25 



TABLE OF THE ORDERS OF INSECTS. 



Section 1st. Mandihulata^ or Gnawing Insects. — Mouth composed of 

 jaws and mandibles. 



A. tipper wings of a horny or leathery consistency ; under wings 

 membraneous. 

 B. Upper wings horny, and usually inflexible ; under wings folded 

 both lengthwise and crosswise ; inactive in the pupa state : 



COLEOPTERA. 



B B. Upper wings coriaceous, or like parchment ; under wings 

 folded lengthwise only ; active in all their stages : 



Orthoptera. 

 A A. All four wings membraneous and transparent. 



0. Wings with many branching veins, and usually many cross- 

 veins; abdomen without an ovipositor jSTeuroptera. 



0. Wings with comparatively few veins ; abdomen of the fe- 

 males terminating in an ovipositor or a sting : 



Hymenoptera. 



Section 2d. Haustellata, or SucMng Insects. — The mouth consolidated 

 into a proboscis or sucker. 

 A. Wings four. 



B. Wings covered with bran-like scales Lepidoptera. 



B B. Wings naked. 



C. Upper wings of the same texture throughout, not lapping 

 over each other, deflexed or roof-shaped when at rest : 



Homoptera. 

 C C. Upper wings coriaceous at base, membraneous at tip, lap- 

 ping one over the other at the tip, and lying flat upon 



the abdomen when at rest Heteroptera. 



A A. Wings two, membraneous Diptera. 



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