52 LLOYD'S NATURAL HISTORY. 



length, and the under tail-coverts are much shorter than the 

 middle pair. These hybrids have many names, such as 

 Teh-ao hybridus, &c. The best work on the subject is 

 Dr. A. B. Meyer's volume quoted above. 



The Capercailzie has also been known to cross with the 

 Pheasant and Willow Grouse. 



Nest and Eggs — Very similar to those of the Black Grouse, 

 but the eggs are somewhat larger than those of the latter bird. 

 Average measurements, 2*2 by r6 inches. 



SUB-SP. a. THE URAL CAPERCAILZIE. TETRAO URALENSIS. 



Tetrao tiralensis, Nazarov, Bull. Mosc. 1886, p. 365 ; Ogilvie 

 Grant, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xxii. p. 65 (1893). 

 (Plate V.) 



Adult Male — Similar to T. urogallus, but the mantle and 

 back grey, finely mottled with black; wings and shoulder- 

 feathers light reddish-brown, the latter not tipped with white ; 

 general colour of the upper-parts much paler than in T. 

 urogallus ; breast and belly mostly white. 



Adult Female — Mantle pale rufous and buff, strongly barred 

 with black ; the breast and belly buff or whitish-buff, barred 

 with black; and the general colour of the plumage paler than 

 in T. urogallus, the white tips to the shoulder-feathers being 

 much wider. 



Range — The Ural Mountains. 



Although at first sight this splendid Capercailzie, by far the 

 handsomest of the genus, appears to be remarkably distinct 

 from typical examples of T, urogallus from Norway and Swe- 

 den, I have examined numerous examples in intermediate 

 stages of plumage between the dark Scandinavian bird and 

 the light-coloured Ural form. These intermediate birds come 

 into the London market in considerable numbers, and are 

 believed to be imported from some of the more southern 



