268 Lloyd's natural history. 



where A is found, and as we go southwards along this range 

 we meet with the bird known as G. cuvieri (AB), very nearly 

 allied to A, but the male has the whole of the black upper- 

 parts finely and irregularly pencilled with white lines, and the 

 female is also somewhat different. In the south of the Arakan 

 range, on the road between Prome and Tonghoo, G. oatesi 

 (BA) occurs, the males being evidently much more nearly 

 allied to B than to A, though they resemble A in having the 

 feathers of the lower back and rump more or less distinctly 

 margined with white. The female differs from all the allied 

 forms in having the outer tail-feathers mostly chestnut. 



It will thus be seen that in Arakan, a large tract, between 

 the ranges of A and B, we find two intermediate forms of Kalij, 

 practically bridging over the great differences between typical 

 specimens of A and B, and no doubt with a large series of 

 birds from all parts of Arakan every intermediate stage could 

 be found, those from the north gradually merging into A and 

 those from the south into B. 



Again, between A and C we have a male example, the type 

 of G. davisoni (AC) from the Kachin Hills, just to the east of 

 Bhamo, which is perfectly intermediate in plumage between A 

 and C. The female of this form is still unknown. 



Lastly, between B and C more or less intermediate birds 

 are to be found in the neighbourhood of Karen-nee (BC), 

 south of Dargwin, but they are so nearly allied to C, that we 

 have thought it unnecessary to call them by a distinct name. 



It will thus be seen that all the three forms, A, B, and C, 

 which are so perfectly distinct inter se, have connecting links, 

 which are met with in the intermediate districts joining their 

 various ranges, where typical examples of A, B, and C are not 

 to be found. 



It is always a difficult matter to deal with such intermediate 

 forms as those we have just described. It is quite wrong to 

 apply the word hybrid to them, for they are really incipient 

 species, occupying a tract of country where neither typical A, B, 



