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  eight 
  gallons 
  of 
  bugs. 
  The 
  corn 
  adjacent 
  was 
  doing 
  very 
  well 
  in- 
  

   deed. 
  Four 
  men 
  were 
  employed 
  in 
  laying 
  out 
  the 
  lines; 
  and 
  a 
  man 
  and 
  

   a 
  boy 
  were 
  sufficient 
  to 
  keep 
  them 
  in 
  working 
  order 
  and 
  to 
  kill 
  the 
  

   chinch-bugs. 
  On 
  another 
  farm 
  near 
  by 
  several 
  gallons 
  of 
  bugs 
  were 
  

   being 
  killed 
  everyday. 
  One 
  farmer 
  in 
  this 
  neighborhood 
  had 
  three 
  

   hundred 
  rods 
  of 
  tlie 
  tar 
  lines, 
  with 
  post-holes, 
  cans, 
  etc., 
  trapping 
  by 
  

   this 
  means 
  about 
  ten 
  bushels 
  of 
  bugs— 
  a 
  six-gallon 
  jar 
  full 
  — 
  in 
  less 
  

   than 
  half 
  a 
  day 
  at 
  one 
  point 
  on 
  the 
  line. 
  Although 
  he 
  freshened 
  

   his 
  lines 
  from 
  one 
  to 
  three 
  times 
  a 
  day 
  he 
  did 
  not 
  use 
  a 
  barrel 
  of 
  

   tar. 
  Another, 
  who 
  had 
  one 
  hundred 
  and 
  twenty 
  rods 
  of 
  coal-tar 
  

   line, 
  which 
  he 
  renewed 
  three 
  times 
  a 
  day 
  where 
  necessary, 
  did 
  not 
  

   lose 
  a 
  hill 
  of 
  corn, 
  although 
  he 
  caught 
  chinch-bugs 
  by 
  the 
  bushel. 
  

   He 
  used 
  about 
  a 
  third 
  of 
  a 
  barrel 
  of 
  tar. 
  

  

  A 
  modification 
  of 
  the 
  method 
  described 
  in 
  this 
  article 
  is 
  the 
  plac- 
  

   ing 
  of 
  the 
  coal-tar 
  line 
  on 
  a 
  ridge 
  made 
  by 
  throwing 
  two 
  furrows 
  

   together 
  and 
  packing 
  with 
  a 
  roller. 
  . 
  This 
  has 
  the 
  advantage 
  over 
  a 
  

   trench 
  that 
  rain 
  does 
  not 
  wash 
  the 
  dirt 
  down 
  and 
  cover 
  the 
  tar. 
  

  

  Kansas 
  Method. 
  — 
  The 
  following 
  is 
  a 
  description 
  of 
  the 
  barrier 
  

   method 
  of 
  arresting 
  the 
  progress 
  of 
  the 
  chinch-bug 
  and 
  destroying 
  

   it 
  at 
  the 
  borders 
  of 
  the 
  field. 
  It 
  is 
  taken 
  from 
  the 
  Fifth 
  Annual 
  Re- 
  

   port 
  of 
  the 
  Director 
  of 
  the 
  Experimental 
  Station 
  of 
  the 
  University 
  of 
  

   Kansas, 
  pages 
  45-47. 
  

  

  "The 
  plan 
  found 
  most 
  effective 
  was 
  that 
  of 
  turning 
  a 
  double 
  fur- 
  

   row 
  with 
  a 
  plow 
  and 
  thus 
  forming 
  a 
  ridge 
  and 
  putting 
  the 
  tar, 
  etc., 
  

   on 
  top 
  of 
  this 
  ridge. 
  On 
  the 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  ridge 
  next 
  to 
  the 
  small 
  

   grain, 
  post-holes 
  were 
  dug, 
  broadening 
  toward 
  the 
  bottom, 
  about 
  100 
  

   feet 
  apart. 
  The 
  bugs 
  were 
  retarded 
  in 
  their 
  march 
  by 
  the 
  ridge, 
  and 
  

   being 
  repelled 
  by 
  the 
  tar. 
  etc., 
  would 
  swarm 
  along 
  the 
  ridge, 
  and 
  in 
  

   so 
  doing 
  would 
  crowd 
  each 
  other 
  into 
  the 
  post-holes. 
  In 
  some 
  cases, 
  

   when 
  the 
  holes 
  were 
  nearly 
  filled 
  with 
  bugs, 
  dirt 
  was 
  thrown 
  in 
  

   and 
  packed 
  down; 
  in 
  others 
  a 
  little 
  petroleum 
  was 
  poured. 
  Both 
  

   methods 
  were 
  effective 
  in 
  killing 
  the 
  bugs. 
  It 
  was 
  found 
  that 
  where 
  

   the 
  holes 
  were 
  deep 
  the 
  bugs 
  died 
  without 
  any 
  special 
  effort 
  to 
  

   destroy 
  them. 
  

  

  "After 
  the 
  ridges 
  are 
  thrown 
  by 
  the 
  plow 
  it 
  is 
  best 
  to 
  smooth 
  and 
  

   pack 
  down 
  the 
  top 
  and 
  sides 
  somewhat, 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  keep 
  the 
  tar, 
  etc., 
  

   from 
  sinking 
  in 
  deeply 
  and 
  to 
  protect 
  the 
  ridge 
  from 
  too 
  great 
  wash- 
  

   ing 
  away 
  by 
  rains. 
  This 
  process 
  was 
  necessarily 
  slow 
  and 
  tedious 
  

   by 
  hand, 
  and 
  to 
  obviate 
  this 
  a 
  drag 
  with 
  a 
  concave 
  bottom 
  of 
  the 
  

   form 
  of 
  the 
  ridge 
  was 
  made, 
  and 
  when 
  weighted 
  with 
  rocks 
  or 
  dirt 
  

   and 
  drawn 
  by 
  horses 
  over 
  the 
  ridge 
  it 
  did 
  very 
  effective 
  service, 
  

   saving 
  a 
  vast 
  amount 
  of 
  time 
  and 
  doing 
  the 
  work 
  better 
  than 
  could 
  

   be 
  done 
  by 
  hand. 
  The 
  bottom 
  of 
  the 
  drag 
  was 
  found 
  to 
  scour 
  much 
  

   better 
  when 
  covered 
  with 
  sheet 
  zinc. 
  

  

  "Coal-tar 
  as 
  it 
  comes 
  from 
  the 
  gas 
  works, 
  crude 
  petroleum 
  as 
  taken 
  

   from 
  the 
  oil 
  well, 
  and 
  kerosene 
  oil 
  mixed 
  with 
  salt* 
  were 
  used 
  on 
  the 
  

   ridges. 
  These 
  substances 
  are 
  offensive 
  to 
  the 
  bugs, 
  and 
  they 
  sel- 
  

   dom 
  attemjDt 
  to 
  cross 
  them 
  or 
  even 
  to 
  come 
  close 
  enough 
  to 
  touch 
  

  

  * 
  This 
  mixture 
  was 
  found 
  ineffective 
  as 
  a 
  check 
  to 
  chinch-bug 
  movements 
  in 
  some 
  ex- 
  

   periments 
  tried 
  at 
  my 
  oflice 
  and 
  described 
  on 
  page 
  43 
  of 
  this 
  report. 
  

  

  