﻿58 
  

  

  had 
  been 
  conducted 
  the 
  previous 
  year, 
  and 
  where 
  there 
  was 
  conse- 
  

   quently 
  a 
  considerable 
  presumption 
  that 
  this 
  disease 
  would 
  be 
  pro- 
  

   nounced 
  in 
  1896. 
  

  

  At 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  April 
  chinch-bugs 
  were 
  still 
  in 
  their 
  winter 
  

   ([uarters, 
  with 
  only 
  a 
  little 
  early 
  scattering 
  to 
  wheat. 
  A'ery 
  few 
  had 
  

   died 
  in 
  hibernation, 
  a 
  condition 
  in 
  quite 
  decided 
  contrast 
  with 
  that 
  

   found 
  at 
  Urbana 
  in 
  March. 
  Traces 
  of 
  white 
  muscardine 
  occurred 
  

   in 
  these 
  hibernation 
  resorts 
  and 
  also 
  in 
  the 
  latter 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  month 
  

   among 
  the 
  bugs 
  in 
  wheat 
  and 
  rye, 
  to 
  which 
  by 
  this 
  time 
  they 
  were 
  

   generally 
  distributed. 
  By 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  May 
  the 
  hibernating 
  adults 
  

   were 
  largely 
  dead, 
  and 
  many 
  of 
  them 
  were 
  covered 
  with 
  Sporotrichum 
  

   which 
  was 
  clearly 
  more 
  prevalent 
  here 
  than 
  at 
  Tamaroa 
  under 
  simi- 
  

   lar 
  conditions. 
  A 
  few 
  dead 
  young 
  were 
  also 
  noticed 
  here 
  imbedded 
  

   in 
  mud 
  after 
  rains. 
  There 
  was 
  no 
  very 
  great 
  number 
  of 
  chinch- 
  

   bugs 
  in 
  June 
  either 
  in 
  oats 
  or 
  corn, 
  and 
  only 
  a 
  small 
  amount 
  of 
  

   Sporotrichum 
  and 
  Entomophthora 
  was 
  demonstrated 
  by 
  laboratory 
  

   experiments 
  with 
  collections 
  brought 
  in. 
  Of 
  one 
  hundred 
  and 
  five 
  

   dead 
  specimens 
  placed 
  on 
  moist 
  sand 
  for 
  a 
  development 
  of 
  their 
  

   fungus 
  parasites, 
  three 
  grew 
  Sporotrichum 
  and 
  four 
  Entomophthora, 
  

   and 
  ninety-seven 
  gave 
  no 
  evidence 
  of 
  parasitism. 
  Entomophthora 
  

   apparently 
  increased 
  somewhat, 
  however, 
  in 
  the 
  early 
  part 
  of 
  July, 
  

   both 
  that 
  and 
  Sporotrichum,- 
  but 
  especially 
  the 
  latter, 
  during 
  the 
  

   latter 
  part 
  of 
  this 
  month. 
  Thus 
  of 
  the 
  ninety-three 
  dead 
  specimens 
  

   placed 
  on 
  damp 
  sand, 
  twelve 
  developed 
  Entomophthora 
  and 
  twenty 
  

   Sporotrichum 
  within 
  one 
  to 
  four 
  days. 
  Extremely 
  heavy 
  rains 
  July 
  

   19 
  seemed 
  greatly 
  to 
  reduce 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  bugs 
  in 
  the 
  corn, 
  and 
  this 
  

   without 
  any 
  apparent 
  increase, 
  but 
  a 
  diminution 
  rather, 
  of 
  the 
  mus- 
  

   cardines. 
  A 
  few 
  dead 
  young 
  were 
  seen 
  later 
  in 
  this 
  month 
  covered 
  

   with 
  white 
  muscardine 
  fungus, 
  but 
  with 
  the 
  dry 
  weather 
  of 
  August 
  

   all 
  signs 
  of 
  contagious 
  disease 
  disappeared 
  from 
  this 
  field. 
  The 
  

   chinch-bugs 
  in 
  the 
  meantime 
  had 
  not 
  increased 
  in 
  number, 
  and 
  no 
  

   great 
  harm 
  was 
  done 
  by 
  them 
  at 
  this 
  point. 
  

  

  At 
  Edgewood, 
  during 
  the 
  last 
  week 
  in 
  April, 
  conditions 
  in 
  wheat 
  

   and 
  rye 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  winter 
  quarters 
  of 
  the 
  bugs 
  were 
  essentially 
  like 
  

   those 
  at 
  Odin 
  and 
  Tamaroa. 
  a 
  sufficient 
  amount 
  of 
  muscardine 
  fun- 
  

   gus 
  (Sporotrichum) 
  occurring 
  everywhere 
  in 
  the 
  field 
  and 
  appearing 
  

   in 
  laboratory 
  experiments 
  to 
  indicate 
  its 
  general 
  distril)ution. 
  The 
  

   adults 
  of 
  the 
  hibernating 
  generation 
  died 
  in 
  wheat 
  and 
  rye 
  during 
  

   the 
  latter 
  part 
  of 
  May, 
  as 
  at 
  other 
  points 
  below, 
  and 
  were 
  usually 
  

   covered 
  with 
  Sporotrichum 
  after 
  death. 
  A 
  few 
  died 
  from 
  Ento- 
  

   mophthora, 
  which 
  was 
  more 
  abundant 
  here 
  than 
  at 
  Tamaroa 
  or 
  at 
  

   Odin. 
  Extremely 
  heavy 
  rains 
  at 
  this 
  time 
  destroyed 
  great 
  numbers 
  

   of 
  the 
  young, 
  and 
  a 
  few 
  of 
  them 
  exhibited 
  the 
  fungus 
  of 
  white 
  mus- 
  

   cardine 
  early 
  in 
  June. 
  . 
  By 
  the 
  latter 
  part 
  of 
  that 
  month 
  green 
  mus- 
  

   cardine 
  appeared 
  here 
  also, 
  and 
  early 
  in 
  July 
  became 
  decidedly 
  

   prevalent 
  in 
  the 
  field 
  and 
  was 
  demonstrated 
  in 
  more 
  than 
  usual 
  

   abundance 
  in 
  the 
  laboratorv 
  experiments. 
  

  

  Under 
  these 
  losses 
  and 
  the 
  effect 
  of 
  the 
  late 
  July 
  rains 
  the 
  chinch- 
  

   bugs 
  became 
  clearly 
  less 
  abundant 
  as 
  the 
  month 
  advanced; 
  but 
  they 
  

   were 
  nevertheless 
  common 
  enough 
  to 
  breed 
  large 
  numbers 
  of 
  young 
  

  

  