﻿01 
  

  

  June 
  12. 
  Mr. 
  Woodwortli 
  reported 
  that 
  but 
  few 
  bugs 
  occurred 
  in 
  

   the 
  oats 
  and 
  not 
  many 
  more 
  in 
  the 
  wheat; 
  most 
  abundant 
  in 
  the 
  

   latter 
  where 
  the 
  wheat 
  was 
  green. 
  Numbers 
  here 
  estimated 
  at 
  fifty 
  

   to 
  the 
  square 
  inch 
  of 
  surface. 
  Had 
  already 
  begun 
  to 
  invade 
  fields 
  

   of 
  corn 
  adjoining 
  wheat, 
  but 
  no 
  dead 
  whatever 
  were 
  seen. 
  

  

  June 
  24. 
  The 
  same 
  observer 
  reported 
  that 
  fields 
  of 
  oats 
  and 
  corn 
  

   not 
  adjacent 
  to 
  wheat 
  contained 
  scarcely 
  any 
  chinch-bugs, 
  but 
  that 
  

   oats 
  in 
  fields 
  adjoining 
  wheat 
  were 
  commonly 
  killed 
  for 
  a 
  distance 
  of 
  

   fifteen 
  feet 
  from 
  the 
  boundary, 
  and 
  that 
  corn 
  in 
  a 
  similar 
  situation 
  

   was 
  usually 
  considerably 
  infested 
  along 
  the 
  edges 
  of 
  the 
  field 
  at 
  an 
  

   average 
  estimated 
  rate 
  of 
  a 
  teaspoonful 
  of 
  bugs 
  to 
  each 
  hill. 
  Live 
  

   bugs 
  taken 
  from 
  oats 
  were 
  brought 
  to 
  the 
  laboratory 
  for 
  experimental 
  

   use. 
  

  

  They 
  were 
  placed 
  in 
  a 
  box, 
  provided 
  with 
  food, 
  and 
  kept 
  under 
  

   normal 
  conditions 
  for 
  several 
  days. 
  As 
  they 
  died 
  their 
  bodies 
  were 
  

   placed 
  on 
  moist 
  sand 
  in 
  glass 
  Petri 
  dishes 
  for 
  the 
  iDurpose 
  of 
  deter- 
  

   mining 
  whether 
  or 
  not 
  muscardine 
  fungi 
  would 
  develop, 
  giving 
  evi- 
  

   dence 
  of 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  these 
  fungi 
  as 
  cause 
  of 
  death. 
  Five 
  suc- 
  

   cessive 
  lots 
  of 
  dead 
  specimens 
  were 
  thus 
  treated. 
  In 
  the 
  first, 
  trans- 
  

   ferred 
  to 
  moist 
  sand 
  pJune 
  27. 
  and 
  containing 
  thirty 
  specimens, 
  two 
  

   were 
  well 
  covered 
  with 
  Sporotrichum 
  July 
  2, 
  but 
  all 
  the 
  remainder 
  

   were 
  free 
  from 
  this 
  infection. 
  In 
  the 
  second 
  lot 
  (twenty-eight 
  speci- 
  

   mens), 
  transferred 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  as 
  the 
  first 
  and 
  examined 
  July 
  

   2, 
  one 
  was 
  found 
  to 
  exhibit 
  Entomophthora 
  and 
  the 
  others 
  were 
  free 
  

   from 
  parasitic 
  infection. 
  In 
  lot 
  No. 
  ii, 
  containing 
  about 
  twenty 
  bugs 
  

   placed 
  on 
  moist 
  sand 
  June 
  29, 
  one 
  gave 
  an 
  evident 
  growth 
  of 
  Sporo- 
  

   trichum 
  and 
  one 
  of 
  Entomophthora, 
  the 
  others 
  exhibiting 
  only 
  com- 
  

   mon 
  molds. 
  In 
  a 
  lot 
  of 
  twenty-four, 
  removed 
  June 
  i50, 
  one 
  showed 
  

   Entomophthora 
  July 
  2 
  and 
  the 
  others 
  were 
  free. 
  In 
  the 
  last 
  lot, 
  of 
  

   three 
  specimens 
  only, 
  taken 
  July 
  1, 
  one 
  was 
  well 
  covered 
  with 
  Ento- 
  

   mophthora 
  and 
  the 
  others 
  gave 
  no 
  appearance 
  of 
  fungous 
  disease. 
  

   Taking 
  the 
  several 
  lots 
  together, 
  of 
  one 
  hundred 
  and 
  five 
  specimens 
  

   dead 
  in 
  confinement 
  under 
  normal 
  conditions 
  and 
  placed 
  in 
  circum- 
  

   stances 
  to 
  demonstrate 
  death 
  by 
  fungous 
  disease, 
  seven 
  individuals 
  

   gave 
  this 
  evidence 
  and 
  the 
  remainder 
  not. 
  Three 
  of 
  these 
  seven 
  were 
  

   infested 
  with 
  Sporotrichum 
  and 
  four 
  with 
  Entomophthora 
  aphidis. 
  

  

  July 
  2. 
  The 
  conditions 
  at 
  this 
  place 
  but 
  little 
  changed. 
  In 
  the 
  

   corn 
  a 
  few 
  dead 
  bugs 
  were 
  seen, 
  however, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  oats 
  many 
  had 
  

   been 
  killed 
  by 
  Entomophthora, 
  and 
  a 
  few 
  were 
  noticed 
  dead 
  without 
  

   visible 
  evidence 
  of 
  the 
  cause 
  of 
  death. 
  

  

  July 
  G. 
  A 
  dead 
  bug 
  of 
  the 
  fourth 
  stage 
  — 
  the 
  so-called 
  pu^Da 
  — 
  per- 
  

   fectly 
  fresh 
  and 
  flexible 
  and 
  evidently 
  very 
  recently 
  dead, 
  was 
  taken 
  

   from 
  the 
  box 
  from 
  among 
  the 
  living 
  specimens 
  brought 
  in 
  from 
  this 
  

   trip 
  and 
  dissected 
  with 
  a 
  view 
  to 
  determining 
  microscopically 
  the 
  

   cause 
  of 
  death. 
  There 
  was 
  no 
  external 
  fungous 
  growth 
  or 
  appearance 
  

   of 
  fungous 
  affection, 
  even 
  of 
  a 
  microscopical 
  character, 
  but 
  the 
  viscera 
  

   were 
  well 
  invested 
  by 
  an 
  intestinal 
  mycelium, 
  evidently 
  that 
  of 
  Sporo- 
  

   trichum. 
  This 
  ramified 
  upon 
  the 
  surface 
  of" 
  the 
  organs 
  and 
  branched 
  

   freely 
  in 
  the 
  perivisceral 
  spaces, 
  forming 
  there 
  a 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  dense 
  

   felt, 
  but 
  not 
  penetrating 
  anywhere 
  the 
  sul)stance 
  of 
  the 
  viscera 
  them- 
  

  

  