﻿82 
  

  

  tweuty-ouo 
  to 
  twonty-eight 
  hours; 
  that 
  bugs 
  began 
  to 
  die 
  after 
  

   thirty-one 
  hours 
  of 
  submersion; 
  and 
  that 
  all 
  or 
  nearly 
  all 
  were 
  killed 
  

   by 
  fifty-eight 
  to 
  sixty 
  hours* 
  continuance 
  of 
  this 
  treatment. 
  One 
  

   out 
  of 
  thirty-six 
  survived 
  seventy 
  hours' 
  immersion, 
  however; 
  two 
  

   out 
  of 
  thirty 
  were 
  living 
  after 
  seventy-two 
  hours; 
  and 
  one 
  out 
  of 
  

   thirty-six 
  could 
  still 
  move 
  its 
  legs 
  after 
  ninety-nine 
  hours. 
  

  

  Attempts 
  to 
  infect 
  Chinch-hugs 
  tvith 
  Muscar<tine 
  in 
  their 
  Winter 
  

   (^Mar/ei'8. 
  -First 
  experiment. 
  Pieces 
  of 
  corn-meal 
  culture 
  medium 
  

   upon 
  whifh 
  Sporotrichunt 
  (jlobnliferum 
  had 
  been 
  grown 
  were 
  placed 
  

   April 
  o, 
  18U5, 
  in 
  bunchesof 
  orchard 
  grass 
  upon 
  the 
  Experiment 
  Station 
  

   farmamong 
  hibernating 
  chinch-bugs. 
  The 
  ground 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  was 
  very 
  

   damp, 
  snow 
  and 
  heavy 
  rain 
  having 
  occurred 
  during 
  the 
  two 
  preced- 
  

   ing 
  days, 
  The 
  temperatuTe 
  at 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  ground 
  was 
  52° 
  

   Fahr. 
  at 
  1:)]0 
  p. 
  m. 
  April 
  5, 
  temperature 
  at 
  2 
  p. 
  m. 
  was 
  72° 
  Fahr. 
  

   Culture 
  material 
  dry 
  and 
  abundant 
  in 
  stools 
  of 
  grass 
  where 
  it 
  was 
  

   placed. 
  Many 
  live 
  chinch-bugs, 
  but 
  none 
  dead 
  and 
  no 
  signs 
  of 
  in- 
  

   fection. 
  April 
  10, 
  temperature 
  of 
  surface 
  at 
  1: 
  HO 
  p. 
  m. 
  68° 
  Fahr., 
  

   ground 
  very 
  wet 
  from 
  heavy 
  rains 
  just 
  preceding, 
  and 
  infection 
  ma- 
  

   terial 
  all 
  washed 
  away. 
  An 
  abundance 
  of 
  live 
  chinch-bugs 
  but 
  no 
  

   dead 
  ones. 
  April 
  12, 
  the 
  afternoon 
  temperature 
  of 
  the 
  surface 
  was 
  

   72° 
  Fahr.: 
  April 
  15, 
  54°; 
  April 
  17, 
  at 
  8: 
  30 
  p. 
  m., 
  59°; 
  April 
  18, 
  at 
  

   1:30 
  p. 
  m., 
  68°; 
  April 
  20, 
  at 
  10:45 
  a. 
  m., 
  72°. 
  At 
  this 
  time 
  the 
  bugs 
  

   were 
  abundant 
  and 
  in 
  good 
  condition, 
  and 
  there 
  was 
  no 
  trace 
  of 
  dis- 
  

   ease 
  among 
  them. 
  A 
  few 
  were 
  beginning 
  to 
  fly. 
  April 
  23, 
  at 
  2 
  p. 
  m., 
  

   surface 
  temperature 
  of 
  ground 
  68.5". 
  Bugs 
  less 
  abundant 
  than 
  

   before, 
  abandoning 
  their 
  winter 
  quarters. 
  No 
  dead. 
  April 
  24, 
  sur- 
  

   face 
  temperature 
  at 
  2 
  p. 
  m., 
  74° 
  Fahr. 
  Remains 
  of 
  original 
  infection 
  

   material 
  evident, 
  but 
  no 
  fresh 
  growth 
  from 
  it 
  and 
  no 
  dead 
  insects. 
  

   Living 
  chinch 
  -bugs 
  have 
  all 
  disappeared, 
  having 
  abandoned 
  their 
  

   winter 
  quarters 
  for 
  the 
  season. 
  

  

  April 
  17. 
  Second 
  experiment. 
  It 
  was 
  the 
  primary 
  purpose 
  of 
  

   this 
  experiment 
  to 
  ascertain 
  whether 
  the 
  conditions 
  obtaining 
  in 
  the 
  

   winter 
  quarters 
  of 
  the 
  chinch-bugs 
  are 
  such 
  as 
  to 
  permit 
  the 
  growth 
  

   and 
  fructification 
  of 
  the 
  fungus 
  of 
  white 
  muscardine. 
  For 
  this 
  pur- 
  

   pose 
  a 
  test-tube 
  of 
  agar-agar 
  and 
  a 
  fruit-jar 
  of 
  corn 
  meal 
  and 
  beef 
  

   broth 
  were 
  profusely 
  inoculated 
  with 
  spores 
  from 
  a 
  lepidop- 
  

   terous 
  larva 
  whicli 
  was 
  completely 
  enveloped 
  in 
  a 
  fruiting 
  growth 
  of 
  

   Sporotricliuin 
  glob} 
  difer 
  urn. 
  Other 
  larv;e 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  condition 
  

   were 
  broken 
  up 
  in 
  fine 
  dirt 
  which 
  was 
  then 
  distributed 
  among 
  chinch- 
  

   bugs 
  on 
  a 
  selected 
  spot 
  of 
  orchard 
  grass 
  on 
  the 
  Experiment 
  Station 
  

   farm, 
  where 
  chinch-bugs 
  were 
  present 
  in 
  great 
  numbers. 
  The 
  agar- 
  

   agar 
  and 
  the 
  corn-meal 
  cultures 
  were 
  placed 
  on 
  the 
  ground 
  in 
  the 
  

   midst 
  of 
  the 
  grass 
  so 
  treated, 
  each 
  being 
  covered 
  with 
  broken 
  tile. 
  

  

  The 
  surface 
  temperature 
  of 
  the 
  ground 
  at 
  3: 
  30 
  p. 
  m. 
  was 
  59° 
  Fahr. 
  

   April 
  18, 
  surface 
  temperature 
  at 
  1: 
  30 
  p. 
  m. 
  was 
  68°; 
  April 
  19, 
  2 
  p. 
  

   m., 
  surface 
  temperature 
  under 
  grass 
  70°; 
  April 
  20, 
  1(): 
  45 
  a. 
  ra., 
  sur- 
  

   face 
  temperature 
  72 
  \ 
  Questionable 
  fungous 
  growth 
  beginning 
  on 
  

   corn-meal 
  culture; 
  none 
  on 
  agar. 
  April 
  22, 
  2 
  p. 
  m., 
  surface 
  temper- 
  

   ature 
  67 
  ; 
  bugs 
  abundant 
  in 
  grass, 
  but 
  no 
  traces 
  of 
  fungus 
  among 
  

  

  