﻿aS7 
  

  

  above 
  ground, 
  87°; 
  on 
  the 
  surface, 
  among 
  the 
  brace 
  roots 
  of 
  the 
  corn 
  

   plant, 
  in 
  the 
  shade, 
  91'; 
  in 
  corn 
  field, 
  l)nre]\' 
  buried 
  beneath 
  the 
  

   surface, 
  in 
  the 
  shade, 
  81) 
  . 
  

  

  On 
  the 
  27th 
  of 
  August, 
  a 
  fair 
  day 
  but 
  somewhat 
  cloudy, 
  with 
  sun- 
  

   shine 
  about 
  two 
  thirds 
  of 
  the 
  time, 
  the 
  earth 
  and 
  air 
  somewhat 
  moist 
  

   from 
  two 
  thirds 
  of 
  an 
  inch 
  of 
  rain 
  which 
  fell 
  the 
  previous 
  day, 
  a 
  

   similar 
  series 
  of 
  observations 
  gave 
  a 
  maximum 
  temperature 
  reading 
  

   of 
  9eO°, 
  a 
  minimum 
  of 
  (')fS°, 
  and 
  a 
  mean 
  of 
  80.5°. 
  It 
  was 
  found 
  at 
  8:30 
  

   p. 
  m. 
  that 
  a 
  thermometer 
  four 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  ground 
  in 
  the 
  shade 
  

   registered 
  92" 
  Fahr.; 
  in 
  the 
  sun, 
  under 
  the 
  same 
  conditions, 
  95'^ 
  ; 
  

   and 
  in 
  the 
  sun, 
  six 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  surface, 
  98''. 
  At 
  this 
  time 
  the 
  

   temperature 
  of 
  the 
  surface 
  layersof 
  the 
  soil, 
  as 
  testtdby 
  a 
  thermometer 
  

   laid 
  horizontally 
  upon 
  the 
  surface 
  and 
  barely 
  covered 
  with 
  dirt, 
  was 
  

   101 
  '^ 
  Similarly 
  placed 
  in 
  the 
  shade, 
  the 
  temperature 
  reading 
  was 
  

   86.5°. 
  Under 
  a 
  clod 
  three 
  inches 
  in 
  diameter, 
  exposed 
  to 
  the 
  sun 
  in 
  

   a 
  corn 
  field, 
  the 
  temperature 
  was 
  94° 
  ; 
  on 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  ground 
  

   in 
  the 
  midst 
  of 
  green 
  vegetation, 
  in 
  the 
  sun, 
  97°; 
  on 
  the 
  surface, 
  

   under 
  dead 
  grass, 
  88 
  ; 
  in 
  corn, 
  behind 
  the 
  sheath 
  of 
  a 
  leaf, 
  three 
  and 
  

   a 
  half 
  feet 
  above 
  ground, 
  in 
  shade, 
  90", 
  two 
  feet 
  above 
  ground. 
  h9.5°; 
  

   tm 
  the 
  surface, 
  among 
  the 
  brace 
  roots 
  of 
  the 
  corn 
  plant, 
  in 
  the 
  

   shade, 
  91: 
  in 
  corn 
  field, 
  barelv 
  buried 
  Ix'tieath 
  the 
  surface, 
  in 
  the 
  

   shade, 
  89°. 
  

  

  The 
  second 
  of 
  these 
  days, 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  noticed, 
  was 
  the 
  warmer, 
  the 
  

   mean 
  temperature 
  exceeding 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  by 
  4.5°, 
  the 
  maximum 
  

   by 
  2°, 
  and 
  the 
  minimum 
  by 
  I'V 
  . 
  The 
  air 
  temperature 
  at 
  )J:30p 
  m. 
  

   was, 
  however, 
  the 
  same 
  for 
  both 
  days 
  in 
  both 
  sun 
  and 
  shade, 
  but 
  the 
  

   soil 
  temperatures 
  in 
  the 
  sun 
  were 
  much 
  lower 
  on 
  the 
  second 
  and 
  

   warmer 
  day; 
  a 
  fact 
  doubtless 
  to 
  l)e 
  accounted 
  for 
  l)y 
  the 
  rapid 
  evap- 
  

   oration 
  in 
  progress 
  after 
  the 
  somewhat 
  recent 
  rain. 
  

  

  A 
  comparison 
  of 
  these 
  temperature 
  records 
  with 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  tem- 
  

   perature 
  experiments 
  with 
  chinch-bugs 
  just 
  reported 
  shows 
  that 
  on 
  

   August 
  27, 
  a 
  day 
  of 
  moist 
  heat, 
  the 
  chinch-Vnig 
  was 
  nowhere 
  exposed 
  

   to 
  a 
  temperature 
  sufficient 
  to 
  endanger 
  its 
  life, 
  the 
  highest 
  reading 
  

   in 
  the 
  field 
  lacking 
  several 
  degrees 
  of 
  the 
  heat 
  found 
  to 
  be 
  fatal 
  to 
  

   that 
  insect; 
  and 
  that 
  on 
  a 
  dry, 
  hot 
  day, 
  August 
  18, 
  the 
  only 
  i^lace 
  

   where 
  the 
  lioat 
  was 
  sufficient 
  to 
  kill 
  the 
  chinch-bug 
  was 
  the 
  bare 
  sur- 
  

   face 
  of 
  the 
  earth 
  in 
  the 
  unobstructed 
  sunlight. 
  The 
  heat 
  under 
  a 
  

   large 
  clod 
  in 
  the 
  open 
  sunlight 
  lacked 
  but 
  little, 
  however, 
  of 
  a 
  tem- 
  

   perature 
  high 
  enough 
  to 
  kill 
  the 
  bug 
  itself 
  on 
  six 
  hours' 
  exposure, 
  

   and 
  was 
  probably 
  quite 
  sufficient 
  to 
  cook 
  some, 
  at 
  least, 
  of 
  the 
  eggs 
  

   in 
  two 
  hours. 
  It 
  is 
  quite 
  likely, 
  however, 
  that 
  the 
  escaping 
  moisture 
  

   of 
  the 
  earth 
  in 
  such 
  a 
  situation 
  woidd 
  raise 
  the 
  fatal 
  temperature 
  

   point 
  so 
  far 
  that 
  no 
  loss 
  of 
  either 
  eggs 
  or 
  bugs 
  would 
  occur. 
  The 
  

   chinch-bug 
  is 
  jirompt 
  to 
  shelter 
  itself 
  from 
  the 
  sun 
  in 
  hot 
  weather, 
  

   and 
  we 
  cannot 
  infer 
  from 
  these 
  observations 
  any 
  probability 
  that 
  it 
  

   suffers 
  at 
  any 
  time 
  or 
  in 
  any 
  stage 
  a 
  considerable 
  loss 
  from 
  midsum- 
  

   mer 
  heat 
  in 
  the 
  field 
  if 
  left 
  free 
  to 
  protect 
  itself 
  according 
  to 
  its 
  in- 
  

   stincts. 
  

  

  Effect 
  of 
  Immersion 
  in. 
  Water 
  on 
  Hatcltiiif/ 
  of 
  Cliinch-hiKjs'' 
  E<i(]S. 
  

   — 
  August 
  (), 
  7, 
  and 
  10, 
  1895, 
  twenty-seven 
  lots 
  of 
  recently 
  hatched 
  

   chinch-bugs' 
  eggs, 
  fl 
  dozen 
  in 
  each 
  lot. 
  were 
  immersed 
  in 
  glass 
  dishes 
  

  

  