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  31 
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  of 
  a 
  culture 
  received 
  from 
  Professor 
  Rolfs 
  purporting 
  to 
  be 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  

   scale 
  fungus 
  mentioned. 
  

  

  The 
  condition 
  of 
  this 
  material 
  from 
  Professor 
  Smith 
  was 
  not 
  such 
  

   as 
  to 
  encourage 
  attempts 
  at 
  cultivating 
  it, 
  and 
  I 
  obtained 
  instead, 
  direct 
  

   from 
  Professor 
  Rolfs, 
  early 
  in 
  February, 
  1S9S, 
  some 
  limbs 
  of 
  the 
  water 
  

   oak 
  infested 
  by 
  the 
  common 
  scale 
  of 
  that 
  species, 
  Aspidiotus 
  obscuriis^ 
  

   many 
  of 
  which 
  had 
  been 
  killed 
  by 
  the 
  fungus 
  parasite 
  in 
  question 
  — 
  

   Sphi^rostilbe 
  coccophila 
  Tul. 
  In 
  the 
  letter 
  accompanying 
  this 
  material 
  

   Professor 
  Rolfs 
  informed 
  me 
  that 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  introduce 
  this 
  fungus 
  into 
  

   orchards 
  infested 
  by 
  the 
  San 
  Jose 
  scale 
  it 
  was 
  only 
  necessary 
  to 
  tie 
  a 
  

   piece 
  of 
  a 
  branch 
  bearing 
  the 
  fungus 
  to 
  some 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  infested 
  

   tree. 
  February 
  27th 
  he 
  also 
  sent 
  me 
  a 
  small 
  amount 
  of 
  Sphcerostilbe 
  

   on 
  the 
  San 
  Jose 
  scale 
  itself, 
  the 
  product 
  of 
  an 
  infection 
  made 
  by 
  him 
  

   the 
  preceding 
  year. 
  

  

  From 
  the 
  dead 
  oak 
  scales 
  {^Aspidiotus 
  obscurus') 
  received 
  from 
  

   Florida 
  in 
  February, 
  1898, 
  cultures 
  of 
  the 
  fungus 
  were 
  begun 
  March 
  

   4th, 
  by 
  my 
  assistant, 
  Ernest 
  B. 
  Forbes, 
  at 
  first 
  on 
  gelatine, 
  then 
  on 
  

   boiled 
  potato, 
  and 
  finally 
  on 
  corn 
  meal 
  and 
  milk, 
  and 
  corn 
  meal 
  and 
  

   beef 
  broth. 
  Although 
  the 
  inoculations 
  were 
  all 
  made 
  from 
  the 
  insect 
  

   itself, 
  all 
  the 
  material 
  proved 
  to 
  be 
  much 
  contaminated, 
  containing 
  

   especially 
  Peiiiciiiujii, 
  Pestalozzia, 
  and 
  a 
  liquefying 
  bacillus. 
  Careful 
  

   separation 
  cultures 
  were 
  thus 
  necessitated, 
  and 
  by 
  transfer 
  from 
  these, 
  

   perfectly 
  pure 
  cultures 
  of 
  the 
  Sphcerostilbe 
  were 
  finally 
  obtained. 
  

  

  The 
  arcuate 
  conidial 
  spores 
  of 
  this 
  fungus 
  may 
  germinate 
  within 
  

   four 
  or 
  five 
  hours, 
  and 
  the 
  growing 
  mycelium 
  acquires 
  a 
  characteristic 
  

   pinkish 
  color 
  usually 
  within 
  five 
  days. 
  Vigorous 
  growths 
  of 
  the 
  fungus 
  

   developed 
  identical 
  arcuate 
  spores 
  within 
  a 
  week 
  from 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  in- 
  

   oculation, 
  this 
  fruiting 
  stage 
  being 
  indicated 
  to 
  the 
  naked 
  eye 
  by 
  the 
  

   appearance 
  of 
  patches 
  of 
  a 
  deep 
  red 
  color 
  in 
  the 
  lighter 
  pink 
  of 
  the 
  

   mature 
  mycelium. 
  In 
  one 
  case 
  a 
  culture 
  begun 
  May 
  17th 
  on 
  bread 
  

   soaked 
  with 
  sweetened 
  milk, 
  developed 
  spores 
  profusely 
  by 
  May 
  20th. 
  

   It 
  proved 
  extremely 
  difficult 
  to 
  obtain 
  the 
  conidial 
  stage 
  of 
  the 
  fungus, 
  

   or 
  fruiting 
  bodies 
  of 
  any 
  kind, 
  on 
  peptonized 
  gelatine, 
  and 
  scarcely 
  less 
  

   so 
  on 
  boiled 
  potato, 
  but 
  cultures 
  on 
  corn-meal 
  batter 
  made 
  up 
  with 
  beef 
  

   broth, 
  or 
  on 
  pieces 
  of 
  bread 
  saturated 
  with 
  the 
  same, 
  yielded 
  the 
  spores 
  

   very 
  readily 
  and 
  in 
  great 
  abundance, 
  the 
  whole 
  infected 
  surface 
  pres- 
  

   ently 
  becoming 
  a 
  bright 
  scarlet 
  color, 
  and 
  being 
  covered 
  with 
  a 
  thick 
  

   dense 
  layer 
  of 
  elongate, 
  curved 
  conidia. 
  A 
  considerable 
  amount 
  of 
  

   moisture 
  seemed 
  necessary 
  to 
  a 
  full 
  development 
  of 
  the 
  fungus, 
  and 
  

   several 
  of 
  our 
  failures 
  in 
  the 
  beginning 
  were 
  apparently 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  fact 
  

   that 
  the 
  medium 
  was 
  kept 
  too 
  dry. 
  

  

  By 
  May 
  21st 
  we 
  had 
  grown 
  a 
  considerable 
  quantity 
  of 
  this 
  fungus 
  

  

  