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  131 
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  Illinois; 
  the 
  other 
  is 
  a 
  moderately 
  common 
  Illinois 
  species, 
  M. 
  atlanis. 
  

   The 
  meadow 
  grasshoppers 
  are 
  distinguished 
  from 
  the 
  other 
  long- 
  

   horned 
  green 
  grasshoppers 
  comprising 
  the 
  family 
  Locustidce 
  by 
  the 
  point 
  

   of 
  the 
  forehead 
  ending 
  in 
  a 
  narrow 
  but 
  very 
  blunt 
  and 
  somewhat 
  wart- 
  

   like 
  protuberance 
  between 
  the 
  bases 
  of 
  the 
  antennae. 
  They 
  belong 
  to 
  

   two 
  genera, 
  Orchelimu?n 
  and 
  XipJiidinm, 
  corresponding 
  somewhat 
  in 
  

   size 
  and 
  variety 
  to 
  the 
  two 
  groups 
  of 
  larger 
  and 
  smaller 
  species 
  of 
  the 
  

   genus 
  Melanoplus. 
  These 
  also 
  have 
  a 
  spine 
  between 
  the 
  bases 
  of 
  the 
  

   fore 
  legs. 
  In 
  Orchelimurn, 
  this 
  is 
  quite 
  short 
  and 
  the 
  sword-shaped 
  ovi- 
  

   positor 
  of 
  the 
  female 
  is 
  rather 
  broad 
  and 
  noticeably 
  curved 
  (Fig. 
  57). 
  

   In 
  the 
  smaller 
  species, 
  those 
  belonging 
  to 
  Xiphidium, 
  the 
  spine 
  is 
  long 
  

   and 
  slender, 
  and 
  the 
  ovipositor 
  is 
  straight 
  or 
  very 
  little 
  curved. 
  The 
  

   two 
  species 
  of 
  Xiphidium 
  on 
  our 
  list 
  are 
  short 
  winged. 
  They 
  may 
  be 
  

   separated 
  as 
  follows: 
  In 
  X. 
  feinorale 
  the 
  wings 
  cover 
  about 
  half 
  the 
  

   length 
  of 
  the 
  abdomen 
  in 
  the 
  female, 
  and 
  two-thirds 
  of 
  it 
  in 
  the 
  male; 
  the 
  

   ovipositor 
  is 
  much 
  shorter 
  than 
  the 
  body 
  and 
  a 
  little 
  curved 
  throughout; 
  

   and 
  the 
  terminal 
  points 
  of 
  the 
  male 
  abdomen 
  are 
  straight 
  and 
  usually 
  

   parallel. 
  X. 
  strictum 
  has 
  very 
  short 
  wings, 
  less 
  than 
  half 
  the 
  length 
  of 
  

   the 
  abdomen, 
  while 
  the 
  ovipositor 
  is 
  very 
  long, 
  exceeding 
  the 
  length 
  of 
  

   the 
  body. 
  The 
  terminal 
  points 
  of 
  the 
  male, 
  curve 
  slightly 
  inwards. 
  

  

  The 
  Yellow 
  Grasshopper. 
  

  

  Stenobothrus 
  curiipejinis 
  Harr. 
  

  

  This 
  trim 
  little 
  species, 
  yellowish 
  olive 
  above 
  and 
  

   yellow 
  beneath, 
  has 
  short 
  narrow 
  wings 
  and 
  yellowish 
  

   hind 
  legs 
  with 
  black 
  knees. 
  It 
  is 
  quite 
  common 
  

   throughout 
  Illinois 
  and 
  has 
  been 
  reported 
  among 
  the 
  

   more 
  numerous 
  species 
  on 
  sugar 
  beets 
  in 
  Iowa. 
  Al- 
  

   though 
  wintering 
  as 
  an 
  egg, 
  it 
  matures 
  at 
  an 
  unusually 
  

   early 
  date 
  the 
  following 
  year, 
  adults 
  having 
  been 
  taken 
  

   as 
  early 
  as 
  June 
  23d. 
  It 
  becomes 
  common 
  in 
  July, 
  and 
  

   continues 
  until 
  October. 
  

  

  The 
  Black-winged 
  Grasshopper. 
  

   Dissosteira 
  Carolina 
  Linn. 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  a 
  rather 
  large 
  species, 
  very 
  common 
  through- 
  

   out 
  Illinois, 
  found 
  by 
  Bruner 
  eating 
  leaves 
  of 
  the 
  sugar 
  

   beet 
  in 
  July. 
  Its 
  mottled 
  brown 
  color, 
  varying 
  to 
  yel- 
  

   lowish 
  or 
  gray, 
  often 
  with 
  obscure 
  cross 
  bands 
  on 
  the 
  GrasTho°pper, 
  ^/^^T 
  

   wings, 
  makes 
  it 
  inconspicuous 
  when 
  at 
  rest, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  bothrus 
  curupennis. 
  

   distinguishable 
  at 
  once 
  in 
  flight 
  by 
  its 
  black 
  hind 
  wings 
  "^^*''- 
  

   strongly 
  bordered 
  with 
  yellow. 
  The 
  median 
  dorsal 
  ridge 
  extending 
  

  

  