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  and 
  devouring 
  the 
  leaves 
  of 
  vines, 
  fruit-trees, 
  raspberries, 
  currants, 
  and 
  

   a 
  considerable 
  list 
  of 
  garden 
  crops. 
  Not 
  only 
  leaves, 
  but 
  buds, 
  green 
  

   shoots, 
  and 
  tender 
  bark 
  are 
  eaten. 
  The 
  larv?e 
  infest 
  the 
  roots 
  of 
  many 
  

   of 
  the 
  plants 
  attacked 
  by 
  the 
  adults. 
  The 
  species 
  has 
  been 
  reported 
  

   from 
  Essex, 
  Massachusetts, 
  by 
  Prof. 
  A. 
  S. 
  Packard. 
  Its 
  life 
  history 
  is 
  

   substantially 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  preceding 
  species. 
  

  

  Tanymecus 
  confertiis 
  Gyll. 
  

  

  This 
  species 
  has 
  been 
  but 
  once 
  reported 
  as 
  notably 
  injurious 
  to 
  the 
  

   sugar 
  beet. 
  In 
  Nebraska 
  it 
  devoured 
  early 
  in 
  the 
  season 
  the 
  cocklebur, 
  

   lamb's-quarters, 
  and 
  smartweed 
  in 
  a 
  twelve-acre 
  beet-field, 
  and 
  when 
  

   these 
  were 
  gone 
  completely 
  destroyed 
  the 
  beets. 
  This 
  was 
  a 
  very 
  weedy 
  

   field 
  which 
  had 
  been 
  allowed 
  to 
  fill 
  up 
  with 
  cockleburs, 
  and 
  the 
  beetles 
  

   probably 
  bred 
  on 
  the 
  roots 
  of 
  this 
  plant. 
  

  

  The 
  species 
  is 
  found 
  throughout 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  as 
  far 
  west 
  as 
  

   the 
  Rocky 
  Mountains. 
  It 
  is 
  apparently 
  single-brooded 
  and 
  hibernates 
  

   as 
  an 
  adult. 
  We 
  have 
  collected 
  it 
  in 
  November 
  and 
  December, 
  and 
  at 
  

   various 
  dates 
  in 
  spring 
  and 
  summer 
  up 
  to 
  the 
  first 
  part 
  of 
  July. 
  A 
  few 
  

   beetles 
  taken 
  by 
  us 
  in 
  September 
  were 
  probably 
  from 
  the 
  new 
  brood. 
  

  

  Apion 
  sp. 
  

  

  A 
  single 
  black 
  species 
  of 
  this 
  genus 
  of 
  minute 
  seed-weevils, 
  has 
  

   been 
  found 
  by 
  Bruner 
  in 
  Nebraska 
  on 
  sugar 
  beets. 
  

  

  Centrinus 
  penicellus 
  Hbst. 
  

  

  This 
  little 
  beetle, 
  reported 
  by 
  Bruner 
  as 
  attacking 
  beets 
  in 
  the 
  

   West, 
  is 
  moderately 
  common 
  from 
  the 
  Atlantic 
  States 
  to 
  the 
  Rocky 
  

   Mountains. 
  It 
  gnaws 
  small 
  holes 
  in 
  the 
  leaf-stems, 
  and 
  when 
  numerous 
  

   does 
  considerable 
  harm 
  to 
  plants 
  attacked. 
  Its 
  immature 
  stages 
  and 
  

   life 
  history 
  are 
  unknown. 
  We 
  have 
  taken 
  the 
  beetle 
  in 
  the 
  latter 
  part 
  

   of 
  July 
  and 
  in 
  August. 
  

  

  Centrums 
  perscitus 
  Hbst. 
  

  

  Bruner 
  reports 
  this 
  species 
  also 
  as 
  injurious 
  to 
  beets, 
  gnawing 
  small 
  

   holes 
  in 
  the 
  leaf-stems. 
  It 
  is 
  commoner 
  in 
  Nebraska 
  than 
  the 
  preced- 
  

   ing 
  species, 
  and 
  is 
  reported 
  also 
  from 
  Georgia, 
  Texas, 
  and 
  Iowa. 
  

  

  THE 
  EXPOSED 
  LEAF-EATING 
  CATERPILLARS. 
  

  

  Besides 
  the 
  web-worms, 
  cutworms, 
  leaf-rollers, 
  etc., 
  already 
  dis- 
  

   cussed, 
  fifteen 
  species 
  of 
  caterpillars 
  have 
  thus 
  far 
  been 
  seen 
  by 
  us 
  or 
  

  

  