﻿— 
  146 
  — 
  

  

  reported 
  by 
  others 
  feeding 
  upon 
  the 
  beet 
  leaf 
  with 
  a 
  frequency 
  to 
  make 
  

   them 
  worthy 
  of 
  mention 
  in 
  this 
  article. 
  The 
  cigar-case-bearer 
  is 
  a 
  

   minute 
  caterpillar, 
  instantly 
  recognized 
  by 
  the 
  whitish 
  cigar-shaped 
  case 
  

   with 
  which 
  it 
  surrounds 
  its 
  body 
  in 
  summer, 
  only 
  the 
  head 
  and 
  legs 
  pro- 
  

   jecting 
  as 
  it 
  crawls 
  about. 
  The 
  common 
  army-worm 
  (Fig. 
  69), 
  the 
  cot- 
  

   ton 
  cutworm, 
  the 
  grass-worm 
  (Fig. 
  73), 
  and 
  the 
  beet 
  army-worm 
  are 
  

   striped 
  with 
  gray, 
  blackish, 
  or 
  brown. 
  The 
  army-worm 
  has 
  three 
  dark 
  

   stripes 
  on 
  each 
  side; 
  the 
  cotton 
  cutworm 
  maybe 
  recognized 
  by 
  two 
  con- 
  

   spicuous 
  rows 
  of 
  velvety 
  black 
  oval-triangular 
  spots 
  on 
  the 
  back, 
  and 
  by 
  

   a 
  black 
  spot 
  on 
  each 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  segment 
  of 
  the 
  abdomen 
  just 
  be- 
  

   hind 
  the 
  legs; 
  and 
  the 
  grass-worm 
  and 
  the 
  beet 
  army-worm 
  have 
  on 
  each 
  

   side 
  a 
  broad 
  blackish 
  stripe. 
  The 
  slight 
  differences 
  between 
  the 
  last 
  

   two 
  will 
  be 
  given 
  in 
  describing 
  the 
  beet 
  army-worm. 
  Next 
  follow 
  two 
  

   green 
  larvae, 
  each 
  with 
  a 
  white 
  or 
  roseate 
  lateral 
  stripe. 
  One 
  of 
  these, 
  

   Maniestra 
  trifolii 
  (Fig. 
  75 
  a, 
  b), 
  is 
  distinguished 
  by 
  a 
  row 
  of 
  darker 
  

   streaks 
  down 
  each 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  back 
  which 
  are 
  wanting 
  in 
  the 
  green 
  beet 
  

   leaf-worm 
  {Peridroma 
  incivis). 
  The 
  zebra-caterpillar 
  {Ma/nestra 
  picia 
  — 
  

   Fig. 
  77) 
  may 
  be 
  readily 
  known 
  by 
  its 
  brilliant 
  black 
  and 
  yellow 
  stripes 
  

   and 
  bands, 
  and 
  the 
  pale 
  green 
  Plusias 
  (Fig. 
  76) 
  by 
  their 
  resemblance 
  

   to 
  measuring-worms 
  as 
  they 
  move 
  along. 
  Having 
  but 
  three 
  pairs 
  of 
  

   legs 
  on 
  the 
  abdomen 
  they 
  loop 
  the 
  body 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  in 
  locomotion. 
  

   The 
  purslane-caterpillar 
  [Copidryas 
  gloveri 
  — 
  Fig. 
  78) 
  is 
  banded 
  with 
  

   black 
  on 
  a 
  light 
  background; 
  and 
  the 
  purslane-sphinx 
  {Deilephi/a) 
  is 
  

   either 
  yellow-green, 
  — 
  with 
  eye-like 
  spots 
  on 
  each 
  segment, 
  often 
  accom- 
  

   panied 
  by 
  dark 
  stripes 
  (Fig. 
  81), 
  — 
  or 
  blackish, 
  with 
  series 
  of 
  pale 
  yellow 
  

   spots 
  (Fig. 
  82). 
  

  

  All 
  the 
  foregoing 
  are 
  smooth 
  or 
  naked 
  caterpillars. 
  Three 
  addi- 
  

   tional 
  species 
  are 
  densely 
  covered 
  with 
  a 
  fur 
  of 
  long 
  slender 
  hairs, 
  on 
  

   account 
  of 
  which 
  they 
  have 
  received 
  the 
  general 
  name 
  of 
  the 
  woolly 
  

   bears. 
  These 
  are 
  the 
  yellow 
  bear 
  {Spilosoma 
  virgi/iica—Yig. 
  84 
  d, 
  Fig. 
  

   85), 
  the 
  hedge-hog 
  C2iicr\>\\\3ir 
  {Fyrrharciia 
  isal>ei/a 
  — 
  Fig. 
  84 
  c, 
  Fig. 
  86), 
  

   and 
  the 
  salt-marsh 
  caterpillar 
  {Leucarctia 
  acrcea 
  — 
  Fig. 
  84 
  a, 
  l>). 
  

  

  The 
  Cigar-Case 
  bearer. 
  

  

  {Coleop/iora 
  fletcherella 
  Fernald.) 
  

  

  This 
  little 
  caterpillar 
  in 
  its 
  curious 
  cigar-shaped 
  case 
  has 
  been 
  sev- 
  

   eral 
  times 
  noticed 
  by 
  us 
  on 
  sugar 
  beets, 
  eating 
  small 
  circular 
  holes 
  

   through 
  the 
  leaves. 
  It 
  ranges 
  from 
  New 
  York 
  and 
  Canada 
  eastward, 
  

   and 
  sometimes 
  seriously 
  injures 
  the 
  buds 
  of 
  apple, 
  pear, 
  and 
  plum 
  in 
  

   spring, 
  and 
  later 
  bores 
  the 
  fruit. 
  It 
  spends 
  the 
  winter 
  partly 
  grown, 
  

   forming 
  its 
  characteristic 
  case 
  about 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  May. 
  It 
  pupates 
  

   within 
  this 
  case, 
  attached 
  to 
  the 
  leaf, 
  in 
  June 
  and 
  July. 
  Its 
  injury 
  to 
  

   beets 
  has 
  thus 
  far 
  been 
  altogether 
  insignificant. 
  

  

  