﻿148 
  — 
  

  

  April 
  or 
  early 
  in 
  May 
  for 
  the 
  first 
  brood 
  of 
  the 
  caterpillars. 
  The 
  second 
  

   brood, 
  appearing 
  in 
  Illinois 
  late 
  in 
  June 
  or 
  early 
  in 
  July, 
  is 
  more 
  likely 
  

   than 
  either 
  of 
  the 
  others 
  to 
  be 
  injurious, 
  and 
  more 
  than 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  three 
  

   broods 
  is 
  never 
  destructive 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  locality. 
  

  

  This 
  species 
  is 
  especially 
  subject 
  to 
  destruction 
  by 
  parasites, 
  which 
  

   speedily 
  suppress 
  any 
  destructive 
  outbreak, 
  with 
  the 
  effect 
  that 
  the 
  army- 
  

   worm 
  is 
  rarely 
  especially 
  abundant 
  for 
  two 
  successive 
  years 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  

   locality. 
  Commonly, 
  indeed, 
  an 
  interval 
  of 
  several 
  years 
  occurs 
  be- 
  

   tween 
  noticeable 
  army-worm 
  outbreaks. 
  

  

  Wherever 
  these 
  insects 
  appear 
  in 
  numbers, 
  their 
  movement 
  may 
  be 
  

   checked 
  and 
  themselves 
  destroyed 
  by 
  the 
  time-honored 
  farmer's 
  resource 
  

   of 
  ditching 
  across 
  their 
  line 
  of 
  movement, 
  or 
  by 
  plowing 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  

   furrows, 
  with 
  the 
  smooth 
  vertical 
  edge 
  facing 
  the 
  advancing 
  host. 
  In 
  

   these 
  barriers, 
  which 
  they 
  will 
  not 
  easily 
  surmount, 
  they 
  can 
  readily 
  be 
  

   destroyed 
  by 
  methods 
  generally 
  well 
  known. 
  Sometimes 
  a 
  similar 
  

   purpose 
  may 
  be 
  effected 
  by 
  spraying 
  thoroughly 
  with 
  Paris 
  green 
  and 
  

   water 
  a 
  strip 
  of 
  vegetation 
  which 
  the 
  army-worms 
  are 
  about 
  to 
  cross. 
  

   If 
  they 
  are 
  abroad 
  in 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  a 
  beet 
  field 
  their 
  progress 
  must 
  be 
  

   promptly 
  arrested, 
  as 
  a 
  day's 
  delay 
  will 
  often 
  result 
  in 
  the 
  .destruction 
  

   of 
  several 
  acres 
  of 
  the 
  crop 
  exposed 
  to 
  their 
  invasion. 
  

  

  The 
  Cotton 
  Cutworm. 
  

   Prodenia 
  or/ii/hogani 
  GviQX\. 
  (P. 
  lineatella 
  Harv.). 
  

   This 
  caterpillar, 
  an 
  inch 
  and 
  a 
  third 
  to 
  an 
  inch 
  and 
  two-thirds 
  

   long, 
  is 
  conspicuously 
  marked 
  with 
  a 
  row 
  of 
  velvety 
  black 
  oval-triangu- 
  

   lar 
  spots 
  along 
  the 
  back, 
  at 
  some 
  distance 
  on 
  each 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  middle. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  darker 
  than 
  the 
  

   average 
  cutworm 
  and 
  

   is 
  distinguished 
  by 
  a 
  

   conspicuous 
  black 
  

   spot 
  on 
  each 
  side 
  

   just 
  behind 
  the 
  joint- 
  

   ed 
  legs. 
  It 
  has 
  a 
  

   varied 
  list 
  of 
  food 
  

   plants, 
  including 
  

   beets, 
  corn, 
  wheat, 
  

   cabbage, 
  potato, 
  as- 
  

   paragus, 
  salsify, 
  peach, 
  raspberry, 
  and, 
  especially, 
  cotton. 
  Dr. 
  Riley 
  

   says 
  that 
  he 
  found 
  it 
  on 
  practically 
  all 
  kinds 
  of 
  succulent 
  plants 
  both 
  

   wild 
  and 
  cultivated. 
  It 
  is 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  common 
  caterpillars 
  in 
  Illinois 
  

   beet 
  fields. 
  It 
  has 
  attracted 
  principal 
  attention 
  as 
  a 
  cotton 
  insect,, 
  

   destroying 
  sometimes 
  acres 
  of 
  young 
  plants 
  shortly 
  after 
  they 
  appeared 
  

   above 
  ground, 
  and 
  later 
  boring 
  into 
  cotton 
  bolls 
  much 
  as 
  does 
  the 
  boll- 
  

   worm 
  {Heliothis). 
  The 
  species 
  is 
  found 
  from 
  Massachusetts 
  to 
  Minne- 
  

  

  Fig. 
  72. 
  The 
  Cotton 
  Cutworm, 
  r>-,>d,>i'i 
  

  

  XV 
  

  

  'nithogalli, 
  adult. 
  

  

  