﻿— 
  i6o 
  — 
  

  

  wingless 
  form 
  being 
  much 
  the 
  more 
  abundant. 
  These 
  are 
  small, 
  pale- 
  

   yellow 
  or 
  whitish, 
  with 
  a 
  mass 
  of 
  flocculent 
  matter 
  covering 
  the 
  posterior 
  

   part 
  of 
  the 
  body, 
  evidently 
  much 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  the 
  woolly 
  aphis 
  of 
  

   the 
  apple. 
  Indeed, 
  the 
  first 
  thing 
  to 
  attract 
  attention 
  when 
  an 
  infested 
  

   beet 
  is 
  examined 
  is 
  this 
  white 
  fungus-like 
  substance 
  covering 
  the 
  in- 
  

   fested 
  surface. 
  The 
  insects 
  are 
  mostly 
  pear-shaped, 
  an 
  eighth 
  of 
  an 
  

   inch 
  in 
  length 
  when 
  full 
  grown. 
  

  

  ''Upon 
  examination 
  with 
  the 
  lens 
  the 
  whole 
  body, 
  including 
  the 
  legs 
  

   and 
  antennae, 
  is 
  seen 
  to 
  be 
  dusted 
  over 
  with 
  a 
  white 
  powder, 
  and 
  the 
  floc- 
  

   culent 
  mass 
  is 
  seen 
  to 
  be 
  made 
  up 
  of 
  thousands 
  of 
  very 
  fine 
  white 
  threads 
  

   arising 
  from 
  the 
  last 
  three 
  or 
  four 
  segments 
  of 
  the 
  body 
  and 
  often 
  half 
  

   as 
  long 
  as 
  the 
  body 
  itself. 
  The 
  legs 
  and 
  antennae 
  and 
  a 
  rather 
  large 
  spot 
  

   on 
  the 
  dorsal 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  head 
  are 
  brown. 
  The 
  eyes 
  appear 
  as 
  small 
  

   black 
  dots 
  on 
  the 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  head. 
  The 
  antennae 
  are 
  six 
  jointed, 
  the 
  

   third 
  joint 
  being 
  the 
  longest; 
  the 
  sixth 
  joint, 
  which 
  is 
  the 
  next 
  in 
  length, 
  

   has 
  the 
  distal 
  portion 
  contracted 
  so 
  it 
  is 
  only 
  about 
  half 
  as 
  large 
  as 
  the 
  

   basal 
  portion. 
  

  

  "Winged 
  forms 
  are 
  also 
  often 
  found 
  late 
  in 
  the 
  season. 
  These 
  are 
  

   somewhat 
  larger, 
  more 
  elongated, 
  and 
  very 
  much 
  darker 
  in 
  color. 
  The 
  

   whole 
  head 
  and 
  thorax, 
  together 
  with 
  the 
  legs 
  and 
  antennae, 
  are 
  bluish 
  

   black, 
  lightly 
  dusted 
  with 
  the 
  white 
  powder. 
  The 
  abdomen 
  is 
  dark 
  green 
  

   with 
  only 
  a 
  little 
  of 
  the 
  flocculent 
  matter 
  on 
  the 
  posterior 
  segments. 
  The 
  

   thin 
  membranous 
  wings 
  are 
  usually 
  held 
  folded 
  roof-like 
  over 
  the 
  body, 
  

   beyond 
  the 
  tip 
  of 
  which 
  they 
  extend 
  for 
  some 
  distance. 
  The 
  eyes 
  are 
  

   much 
  larger 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  wingless 
  forms 
  and 
  are 
  brown. 
  With 
  the 
  winged 
  

   forms 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  pupte 
  usually 
  also 
  occur. 
  These 
  look 
  just 
  like 
  tha 
  

   winged 
  forms, 
  but 
  instead 
  of 
  the 
  wings 
  they 
  have 
  little 
  blunt 
  pad-like 
  

   organs, 
  the 
  undeveloped 
  wings, 
  on 
  either 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  thorax." 
  

  

  The 
  smaller 
  rootlets 
  of 
  the 
  beet 
  are 
  first 
  attacked 
  by 
  this 
  aphis, 
  

   and 
  if 
  it 
  occurs 
  in 
  considerable 
  numbers 
  these 
  are 
  soon 
  all 
  destroyed,, 
  

   and 
  the 
  leaves 
  thereupon 
  soon 
  wither, 
  and 
  the 
  whole 
  beet 
  shrivels 
  and 
  

   becomes 
  spongy. 
  This 
  wilting 
  of 
  the 
  leaves 
  will 
  frequently, 
  in 
  fact, 
  be 
  

   the 
  first 
  thing 
  to 
  attract 
  the 
  attention 
  of 
  the 
  beet 
  grower. 
  The 
  actual 
  

   injury 
  to 
  the 
  crop 
  will, 
  of 
  course, 
  depend 
  largely 
  upon 
  the 
  time 
  when 
  the 
  

   attack 
  of 
  the 
  aphis 
  is 
  made. 
  If 
  the 
  plants 
  are 
  small 
  they 
  may 
  readily 
  be 
  

   destroyed, 
  while 
  if 
  they 
  are 
  practically 
  full 
  grown 
  the 
  loss 
  of 
  the 
  small 
  

   rootlets 
  will 
  not 
  materially 
  affect 
  them. 
  

  

  No 
  sexual 
  generation 
  of 
  this 
  aphis 
  has 
  as 
  yet 
  been 
  discovered 
  and 
  

   no 
  eggs 
  have 
  been 
  seen, 
  viviparous 
  reproduction 
  continuing 
  throughout 
  

   the 
  year 
  except 
  when 
  the 
  cold 
  of 
  the 
  winter 
  temporarily 
  suspends 
  the 
  

   physiological 
  activities 
  of 
  the 
  species. 
  The 
  winged 
  females, 
  appearing 
  

   from 
  time 
  to 
  time 
  during 
  the 
  summer 
  and 
  fall, 
  serve 
  to 
  distribute 
  the 
  

   species 
  generally, 
  new 
  colonies 
  being 
  started 
  wherever 
  these 
  females 
  

   find 
  lodgment 
  and 
  food. 
  In 
  districts 
  liable 
  to 
  injury 
  by 
  this 
  insect 
  it 
  

  

  