174 - OZONE AND ANTOZONE. 
of oxygen) were employed, then 1 milligramme of oxygen would destroy 
199 —2,564 grammes of indigo solution. Now, to this last quantity of the 
original indigo solution, containing hydrochloric acid, enough water must be 
added to dilute it to 10 grammes,* in order to obtain a normal solution of 
which 10 grammes will represent 1 milligramme of oxygen or ozone. One 
part of the above normal solution may be further diluted with 9 parts of water 
to yield =, normal test, in which 10 grammes will indicate ;/5 milligrammes of 
OZone. 
The analysis is performed as follows, for example, upon a bottle of air 
ozonized by phosphorus: A little of the normal indigo solution is agitated 
with the air in the bottle for afew minutes, and the air is then tested for ozone 
by iodide of potassium starch, and the process is repeated until no ozone is 
indicated even by a slightly elevated temperature. Then, for every 10. 
grammes of the normal indigo solution employed, 1 milligramme of ozone is 
present, and for every 10 grammes of the 75 normal solution, 75 of a milli- 
gramme of ozone has been found. 
Schoenbein discovered the remarkable bleaching properties upon indigo and 
other plant colors of certain bodies which appear to absorb ozone, without 
combining with it, and thus are in a position to yield the ozone again to other 
substances. These bodies have been ealled “ ozone carriers.” They are oil 
of turpentine, linseed oil, oil of lemons, tartaric and citric acids, ether, plati- 
num sponge and black, powder of silver, gold, and platinum, also metallic mer- 
cury. ‘These substances, shaken with solutions of indigo, litmus, cochenille, &e., 
discharge the color; with tincture of guiacum they yield a blue tinge, and give 
the same color with iodide of potassium starch. One of the most remarkable 
of the ozone carriers is the blood corpuseule. Ozonized oil of turpentine, 
shaken with indigo solution, bleaches it after a while, but if blood corpuscules 
are added, the decoloration is instantaneous, Platinum black is also very active 
in its bleaching effects. 
One of the best known ozone carriers is the oil of turpentine. If a bottle 
be 4 filled with this body, exposed to the sun, and frequently shaken with air, 
removing the stopper from time to time to renew the air, the oil is speedily laden 
with ozone. After a time the oxidizing or bleaching effect of this oil is lost, 
probably from its ozone entering into combination with it. Its bleaching 
effect may be ascertained quantitatively by means of a solution of indigo. 
Schoenbein prepared an oil of which 1 gramme possessed the same bleaching 
power as 2 grammes of the best bleaching powder, (hypochlorite of lime.) 
The ozonized oil bleaches most rapidly when warm, but its absolute decolor- 
izing power is then less. All turpentine kept with access of air becomes” 
ozonized, as may be seen from the bleached and corroded corks employed in 
closing the vessels containing it. Upon the animal organism ozonized oil of 
turpentine acts more energetically than oil not ozonized. According to Seitz, 
5 drops of ozonized oil throws into convulsions and kills a frog and destroys 
other small animals, while 20 drops of the pure oil produce no such effect. 
Not long since a statement prevailed that the disease called painter’s colic is 
’ due, not to the lead absorbed, but to the oil of turpentine. If this be so, the 
ozonization of the turpentine may be the active agent for mischief, although 
the lead may also be hurtful. 
The existence of ozone in the atmosphere has been known since the discovery, 
of the body ; but the conditions which govern its presence, as well as the actual 
quantity of the gas, are yet undetermined. This arises from the small amount of 
ozone in the air, from the readiness with which this active oxidant is destroyed 
by the presence of bodies upon which it may act, and also for the want of a re- 
* Hence, in this case, 10 —2.564—=7.436 water will be needed. 
