l THE SOLAR ECLIPSE. 245 
(113.) -Wolf—Beobachtung der partiellen Sonnenfinsterniss zu Zurich. Astr. 
Nachr , lv, 337, 338. 
In the great number of essays and notices contained in the above catalogues, 
space would not allow us to consider each one separately, even independently 
of the many repetitions which must thereby arise. I will, therefore, give a gen- 
eral account ot the phenomena of the solar eclipse of the 18th of July, 1860, 
and therein, in order to simplify the citations as much as possible, will always 
adjoin, in parentheses, the catalogue number of the memoir to which reference 
is made in the statements. 
The writings designated above refer both to stations where the sun appeared 
purtially eclipsed, and also to those which lay within the zone of total eclipse. 
With reference to the first class, it will be sufficient merely to enumerate the 
names of the stations. ‘l‘hey are as follows: Athens, (39;) Belfort, (76;) Bor- 
deaux, (93, 95;) Breslau, (40;) Brussels, (83;) Dantzice, (110;) Frankfort-on- 
the-Main, (98;) Géttingen, (81;) Greenwich, (90;) Greifswalde, (89;) Had- 
denham, (90;) Highbury, (90;) Kensington, (84;) Kiel, (26;) Kremsmiinster, 
(38 ;) Lund, (101;) Milan, (37;) Marestield, (96;) Metz, (74;) Naples, (96 ;) 
Padua, (111;) Pic du Midi, Pyrenees, (59;) Rome, (61;) Storlus, (35;) ‘T'rieste, 
(36;) Uckfield, (90;) Utrecht, (94;) Vienna, (105;) Washington, (112;) Wilna, 
(104;) Woolwich, (82;) Ziirich, (113.) 
The observations made within the zone of totality are the only ones which 
are of especial interest; and in this respect there is in the above collection an 
important deficiency, since the observations recorded by the English astrono- 
mers in northern Spain have only been published as yet to a very limited 
extent and very incompletely. 
The zone of total eclipse began in North America, traversed Spain from north 
to south, passed over thence to Algiers, and ended in the interior of Africa. 
In North America, the government of the United States sent two expeditions— 
the one, under the direction of Mr. Alexander, to the coast of Labrador; the 
other, in charge of Mr. Gilliss, to Steilacoom, Washington ‘Territory; but ob- 
servations could be made only at the latter point. 
The best opportunity for observations was furnished in Spain, and thither, 
accordingly, most of the astronomers betook themselves. 
Notwithstanding that from the first, by a circular sent from the directory of 
the observatory at Madrid to all European astronomers, and published in the 
Astronomische Nachrichten, lii, 253-256, as well as in the Monthly Notices, 
xx, 184-187, the endeavor was made to distribute the stations uniformly over 
the whole zone of total eclipse, this was but very imperfectly accomplished, 
and, instead of an equable distribution, there resulted a collection into three 
groups, namely: 
Northern group, with Vittoria as the central point—This group consisted of 
Messrs. Airy, O. Struve, W. de la Rue, Winnecke, Madler, Prazmowski, Mél- 
ler, d’Arrest, Weyer, Fearnley, Lindeléf, Lindhagen, Petit, d’Abbadie, Les- 
piault, Goldschmidt, Thiele, Burat. 
Middie group; central point, Tarazona.—This includes Messrs. Le Verrier, 
Villarceau, Chacornac, Foucault, Ismail Effendi, Bruhns, Gautier, Novella. 
Southern group ; central point, Castellon de la Plana.—To this group belong 
Messrs. Secchi, Aguilar, Plantamour, Riimker, B. von Feilitzsch, Bremiker, 
Marquez, Carlini, Donati, Haase, Von Wallenberg, Ribeiro de Sousa Pinto, 
Ant. de Souza, J. C. de Brito Capello, Klinkerfues, Lamont. 
The French government sent to Algiers, under Mr. Laussedat, a commission 
consisting ef officers and professors of the Polytechnie School, who stationed 
themselves in Batua; and the Viceroy of Egypt sent the astronomer of Cairo, 
Mahmoud Bey, with a numerous retinue, to Dongolah, on the. Nile, (19° 12’ 41” 
north latitude.) 
