464 EDUCATIONAL NEEDS 



mental subtlety. Shape this University's course so that 

 it shall help in the production of a constantly upward 

 trend for all your people. 



You should be always on your guard against one 

 defect in Western education. There has been alto- 

 gether too great a tendency in the higher schools of 

 learning in the West to train men merely for literary, 

 professional, and official positions ; altogether too great 

 a tendency to act as if a literary education were the 

 only real education. I am exceedingly glad that you 

 have already started industrial and agricultural schools 

 in Egypt. A literary education is simply one of many 

 different kinds of education, and it is not wise that 

 more than a small percentage of the people of any 

 country should have an exclusively literary education. 

 The average man must either supplement it by another 

 education, or else as soon as he has left an institution of 

 learning, even though he has benefited by it, he must at 

 once begin to train himself to do work along totally 

 different lines. His Highness the Khedive, in the 

 midst of his activities touching many phases of Egyptian 

 life, has shown conspicuous wisdom, great foresight, and 

 keen understanding of the needs of the country in the 

 way in which he has devoted himself to its agricultural 

 betterment, in the interest which he has taken in the 

 improvement of cattle, crops, etc. You need in this 

 country, as is the case in every other country, a certain 

 number of men whose education shall fit them for the 

 life of scholarship, or to become teachers or public 

 officials. But it is a very unhealthy thing for any 

 country for more than a small proportion of the 

 strongest and best minds of the country to turn into 

 such channels. It is essential also to develop indus- 

 trialism, to train people so that they can be cultivators 



